UAE Criminal LawFederal Law by Decree No. (31) of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law

Article (1) Introductory Provisions The provisions of the Islamic Sharia shall apply to the crimes punishable by retribution (Qisas) and crimes punishable by blood money (Diya). The other crimes and their prescribed penalties shall be defined in accordance with the provisions of this Law and the other penal codes in force.

Article (2) No person may be convicted for a crime committed by another. And the accused is innocent until proven guilty in accordance with the law.

Article (3) The provisions of Book One of this Law shall apply to the crimes provided for in the other penal laws, unless there is a stipulation therein to the contrary.

Article (4) Unless the context of this Law otherwise requires, the term "Government" shall include the Federal Government and the governments of the Emirates members of the Federation.

Article (5) of this Law, or the seal of any of their employees, causing harm to a public or private interest.

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Article (5), or embezzles private papers or funds in his possession or facilitates the same for other persons. The penalty shall be temporary imprisonment for a period not less than (5) five years if the crime is indivisibly connected to or associated with a crime of forgery or use of a forged document or forged copy of an official document.

Article (6) 1. A foreigner public servant in accordance with this Law shall be: any person who occupies a legislative, executive, administrative or judicial position in another country, whether permanent or temporary, and whether he is appointed or elected, with or without pay, and any person entrusted with a public service. 2. An employee of an international organization in accordance with this Law shall be: any

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 5 person who occupies a position in an international organization or is authorized by such organization to act on its behalf.

Article (7) Public funds in accordance with this Law shall be: 1. Funds owned, in part or in whole, by a federal or local authority, a federal or local public entity and corporation, a company partially or wholly owned by the federal government or the local government, or an association or public benefit institution. 2. Any funds that are subject to the management or supervision of one of the entities provided for in Paragraph (1) of this Article or if such an entity has the right to utilize them and benefit therefrom. 3. Funds owned by any other entity that this Law stipulates that its funds are considered public funds.

Article (8) No punitive measure shall be imposed except in the cases and under the conditions stipulated by the Law. Provisions relative to penalties shall, unless otherwise provided, apply to punitive measures.

Article (9) The provisions of this Law that apply to the crimes against the President of the State shall apply to crimes committed against the Vice President of the State and the members of the Federal Supreme Council and their Crown Princes and Deputies.

Article (11) Periods and dates provided for in this Law shall be computed in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, unless the Law stipulates otherwise.

Article (12) The provisions of this Law shall in no case prejudice any rights of refund or indemnity, or expenses or any other rights which may be pertaining to the adversaries or other parties. Section Two Scope of Application of the Law Chapter One Temporal Application of the Law

Article (13) A crime shall be punished according to the law in force at the time at which it is committed. In order to determine the law in force, the time at which the criminal acts are performed shall be taken into consideration, regardless of the time at which the results thereof are realized.

Article (15) Notwithstanding the preceding Article, if a law is promulgated, deeming an act or an omission as a crime, or increasing the penalty that has previously prescribed therefor, and if said law is temporary and limited to a specific period of time, or if some exceptional and unexpected circumstances have caused such law to be promulgated, in such a case, the expiry of the period set for its application or the forfeiture of the exceptional and unexpected circumstances shall neither prevent from filing criminal cases for any crime committed within said expired period, nor preclude the execution of the penalty which may have been imposed in accordance with said law.

Article (16) The new Law shall apply to all continuous or successive crimes committed before it its entry into force and to habitual crimes which have been committed repeatedly after the new Law has entered into force. And if the new Law amends the provisions relating to recidivism or plurality of crimes or penalties, it shall apply to any crime which causes the accused to be subject to the provisions of plurality or which considers him a recidivist; even if the other crimes were committed before the said new law has entered into force. Chapter Two Spatial Application of the Law and Its Application to Persons

Article (17) The provisions of this Law shall apply to any one who commits a crime on the territory of the State. The State's territory includes its lands and any place under its sovereignty,

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 8 including the territorial waters and the airspace above them. A crime shall be deemed as committed on the State's territory if one of the acts constituting it has been committed thereon or if its results have been, or have been intended to be, produced thereon.

Article (18) The provisions of this Law shall apply to such crimes committed onboard warships and military aircraft flying the flag of the State, wherever they are. This provision shall also apply to non-military ships and aircraft owned by the State or managed for non-commercial purposes, as well as commercial ships and aircraft flying the flag of the State.

Article (20) This Law shall apply to any person who performs, outside the State, an act which causes him to be considered a perpetrator or an accomplice of a crime which is wholly or partially committed in the State.

Article (22) This Law shall apply to any person who is present in the State upon committing abroad, as a perpetrator or an accomplice, a crime of sabotage or impairment of international means of communications, crimes of trading in drugs, women, children or slaves or the crimes of international piracy and terrorism or money laundering.

Article (23) Any citizen who performs outside the State, an act that is considered a crime according to the provisions of this Law, as a perpetrator or an accomplice, shall be punished in accordance with its provisions if he returns to the State and such act is punishable under the law of the country where it is committed.

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 10 This provision shall apply to any individual who acquires the nationality of the State after having performed said act. For the purpose of applying this Article, any person without nationality shall be treated as a citizen if he has a permanent residence in the State.

Article (25) When executing the penalty against the convict, the period which he has served in custody, in preventive detention, electronic probation, or in execution of the penalty abroad for the crime for which he has been convicted shall be taken into account.

Article (26) The provisions of this Law shall not apply in the territory of the United Arab Emirates to persons enjoying immunity in accordance with the international agreements or international or domestic laws.

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 11 Section Three Crimes Chapter One Types of Crimes

Article (27) 1. Crimes are of three types: a. Felonies. b. Misdemeanour. c. Infractions. 2. The type of a crime shall be determined by the type of penalty prescribed therefor in the Law. If the crime is punishable by a fine or Diya in addition to any other penalty, its type shall be determined according to the other penalty.

Article (28) The type of crime shall not change if the court has replaced the penalty prescribed therefor with another penalty that is milder, whether due to legal excuses or due to discretionary extenuating circumstances, unless the law stipulates otherwise.

Article (29) A felony is a crime punishable by any of the following penalties: 1. Any of the Qisas penalties. 2. Death penalty. 3. Life imprisonment. 4. Temporary imprisonment.

Article (30) A misdemeanour is a crime that is punishable by one or more of the following penalties: 1. Imprisonment. 2. A fine of more than (10,000) ten thousand AED.

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 12 3. Diya. The amount of Diya for manslaughter of a male or female shall be determined at (200,000) two hundred thousand AED. By a decision of the Cabinet, upon a proposal by the Minister of Justice, the amount of Diya stipulated in the previous paragraph may be modified by an increase or decrease.

Article (31) An infraction is any act or omission punishable under the laws or regulations, by one or both of the two following penalties: 1. Custody for not less than twenty-four hours and not more than (10) ten days. Such custody shall be performed by confining the convict in one of the places designated for that purpose. 2. A fine not exceeding (10,000) ten thousand AED. Chapter Two Basic Elements of the Crime Part One Material Element 1. Consummated Crime

Article (32) The material element of a crime consists of a criminal activity involving a commission or omission of an act whenever such commission or omission is criminal according to the law.

Article (33) No person shall be held responsible for a crime that is not the result of his criminal activity, but he shall be held responsible for the crime even if his criminal activity contributed in its occurrence with another preceding, contemporary, or subsequent, whenever such cause is expected or probable according to the normal course of events. However, if said cause is sufficient in itself to produce the effects of the crime, said person

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 13 shall in this case be held responsible only for his own act.

Article (35) An attempt means an effort or endeavour to commit a crime, which has been prevented or has not produced the effect intended due to reasons beyond the perpetrator's will. Committing an act which is deemed, by itself, as a constituent part of the material element of the crime, or which entails immediately and directly such element, shall be considered an attempt. But neither mere intention of committing a crime nor the preparatory acts thereto shall be considered as an attempt, unless the law stipulates otherwise.

Article (36) An attempt to commit a felony shall be punishable by the following penalties, unless the law stipulates otherwise: 1. Life imprisonment, if the penalty prescribed for the crime is death. 2. Temporary imprisonment, if the penalty prescribed for the crime is life imprisonment. 3. Imprisonment for a period not exceeding half of the maximum period prescribed for the

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 14 crime, or detention if the penalty for the crime is temporary imprisonment.

Article (37) The law shall determine which the misdemeanours in which attempt is punishable, as well as the penalty for such attempt.

Article (38) The provisions regarding ancillary penalties and criminal measures to be prescribed for consummated crimes shall apply to the attempt. Part Two Moral Element

Article (39) The moral element of the crime consists of the intention or the error. The intention exists when the will of the perpetrator is to commit or omit an act whenever such commission or omission is deemed a crime by law, with the aim to produce a direct result or any other result deemed a crime by law and which the perpetrator had expected to occur. There is error when the criminal result is achieved because of the perpetrator's mistake, whether such said mistake is negligence, lack of vigilance, lack of precaution, recklessness, imprudence or noncompliance with the laws, regulations, rules or orders.

Article (40) Where an act is committed because of a mistake of facts, the liability of the perpetrator shall be restricted to the facts which he believed they existed, if such facts are to negate or reduce his liability, provided that his belief was based on reasonable causes and on a real effort of search and investigation. But if the mistake which caused the perpetrator to believe he is not liable is due to his negligence or lack of precaution, he shall be held responsible for a non-premeditated crime,

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 15 if the law punishes the act as being such.

Article (41) The motive of committing the crime shall not be taken into consideration, unless the law stipulates otherwise.

Article (42) Where the perpetrator ignores the existence of an aggravating circumstance altering the characterization of the crime, he shall not be held responsible, but he shall benefit from the excuse even if he has ignored its existence.

Article (43) Ignorance of the provisions of this Law is not an excuse.

Article (44) The perpetrator of a crime shall be liable for it whether he has committed it deliberately or by mistake, except in the cases where the law expressly stipulates premeditation. Chapter Three Criminal Complicity

Article (46) A person is considered an accomplice by causation of the crime if he: 1. Instigates the commission of the crime, and it has been committed as a result of such instigation. 2. Agrees with another person to commit the crime, and it has been committed as a result of such agreement. 3. Gives the perpetrator a weapon, tools or any other thing which the latter has knowingly used in committing the crime; or he who has deliberately aided the perpetrator in any other way in the preparation, facilitation or completion of the crime. The accomplice shall in these cases be liable, whether he is in direct contact with the perpetrator or through an intermediary.

Article (47) Any accomplice by causation who has been found at the scene of the crime with the intention of committing it shall be considered as a direct accomplice if another person does not commit it.

Article (48) Any person who participates in a crime, as a direct accomplice or as an accomplice by causation, shall be punished by its penalty, unless the law stipulates otherwise.

Article (49) Where one of the accomplices is not subject to the penalty due to any of the causes of justification or due to his lack of criminal intent or due to any other circumstances particularly attached to his person, the other accomplices shall not benefit therefrom.

Article (51) In the presence of personal excuses exempting from or extenuating the penalty in respect of one of the accomplices in the crime, whether direct or by causation, they shall only affect the person to whom they are attached. However, the material excuses exempting from or extenuating the penalty shall be fully effective towards each person who has participated in the commission of the crime directly or by causation.

Article (52) The accomplice in the crime, directly or by causation, shall be punished by the penalty prescribed for the crime which has actually been committed, even if such crime is different from the one he has intended to commit, whenever the crime committed is a probable result of the complicity which has taken place.

Article (53) If the characterization of the crime or the penalty changes to the perpetrator's intention or his knowledge of its circumstances, the accomplices, directly or by causation, shall be punished, each according to his intention or knowledge.

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 18 Chapter Four Causes of Justification and Exceeding its Limits Part One Causes of Justification 1. Use of Right

Article (55) There shall be no crime in any act performed in good faith but causing damage to another person upon providing assistance or relief thereto in cases which require urgent interference in order to save his life, avoid any damage to his body or limit such damage.

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 19 3. Performance of Duty

Article (56) There shall be no crime if the act is committed in the performance of a duty imposed by the law, if the person who commits such act is legally authorized thereto.

Article (57) There is no crime if the act is committed by a public servant or by a person who is entrusted with a public service in one of the two following cases: 1. If he commits the act in execution of an order given thereto by his superior who is legally authorized to give him such an order, and which he is bound to obey. 2. If he commits, in good faith, an act in execution of what is imposed by the law. 4. Right of Legitimate Defence

Article (59) The right of legitimate defence does not justify premeditated murder, unless it is committed for the purpose of repelling one of the following cases: 1. An act which is feared to cause death or serious injuries, provided that such fear is based on reasonable grounds.

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 20 2. Forced sexual intercourse with a female or disgracing any other person. 3. Kidnapping a human being. 4. Felonies of arson, destruction or theft. 5. Entering at night an inhabited house or any of its annexes.

Article (60) The right of legitimate defence does not justify the resistance to any of the members of the public authority, if this latter is performing an act in execution of the duties of his job and within its limits, unless it is feared that such act may cause death or serious injuries and unless such fear is based on reasonable grounds. Part Two Exceeding the Limits of Justification

Article (61) Exceeding the limits of justification in good faith is considered an extenuating excuse, and the judge may pardon the doer if he deems it appropriate. Section Four Criminal Liability and its Impediments Chapter One Liability of Natural Persons Part One Want of Perception or Will

Article (63) If the want of perception or will is due to drugs, or narcotic or intoxicating substances taken voluntarily and knowingly by the perpetrator, he shall be punished for the crime committed, as if it were committed free of narcotization, or intoxication, even if such crime requires a particular criminal intention. If the perpetrator has intentionally taken the drugs or intoxicating or narcotic substances for the purpose of committing the crime, this shall be deemed as an aggravating circumstance with regard to the penalty. Part Two Want of Discernment and Minority

Article (64) No criminal action may be filed against any person who has not completed eleven years of age at the time of committing the crime. Want of discernment and minority shall be subject to the provisions stipulated in the legislation concerning delinquent juveniles, or who are prone to be delinquent. Part Three Necessity and Constraint

Article (67) a. Principal penalties are as follows: 1. Qisas and Diya penalties. 2. Death penalty. 3. Life imprisonment. 4. Temporary imprisonment. 5. Incarceration. 6. Detention.

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 23 7. Fine. b. If the conditions set forth in the Sharia for the application of the Qisas and Diya penalties, courts shall order the penalties stipulated in this Law or in the other penal codes, as the case may be.

Article (68) The death penalty issued by a Federal Court shall only be executed after being ratified by the President of the State.

Article (69) Imprisonment is to detain the convict in one of the penal establishments or institutions legally designated for this purpose, for life in case of life imprisonment, or for the period specified by the judgment in case of temporary imprisonment. The period of temporary imprisonment may not be less than (3) three years or more than fifteen (15) years, unless the law stipulates otherwise.

Article (70) Incarceration is to detain the convict in one of the penal establishments or institutions legally designated for this purpose, for the period specified by the judgment. The period of incarceration may not be less than one month or more than (3) three years, unless the law stipulates otherwise.

Article (71) Whoever is sentenced to a penalty restricting his liberty, shall be bound to perform the labour assigned thereto in the penal establishments or institutions with due regard to his own circumstances and to the purpose of correcting and rehabilitating him, and in consideration of a convenient remuneration. Periodical reports shall be prepared in order to observe his conduct and behaviour, all in accordance with the law governing penal establishments or institutions.

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Article (72) The fine penalty: It is to obligate the convict to pay the treasury the adjudged amount. The fine may not be less than one thousand (1,000) AED and not be more than ten (10,000,000) million AED in felonies, and five (5,000,000) million AED in misdemeanours, unless the law stipulates otherwise.

Article (73) If several persons accused of one crime are sentenced by one single judgment to a fine, whether as principal perpetrators or accomplices, the court shall impose the fine upon each of them severally, save the cases of proportional fines, where all of the accused shall be jointly liable to the payment of the fine, unless the law stipulates otherwise. Chapter Two Ancillary Penalties Part One Accessory Penalties

Article (74) Accessory Penalties are as follows: 1. Deprivation of some rights and privileges. 2. Police Probation. 3. Dismissal from public service. Such penalties shall be imposed on the convict by force of the law without the need to mention them in the judgment, and in accordance with what is provided for in this Part.

Article (77) Whoever is sentenced to life or temporary imprisonment may not, during the period of imprisonment, dispose of his funds except after approval of the competent court in which jurisdiction the place of his residence is located. Any disposition made by the convict in violation of the provisions of this Article shall be null and void.

Article (79) If the person who is sentenced to life or temporary imprisonment is a public servant or a person who is entrusted with a public service, he shall be dismissed from such office as a result.

Article (81) The court may, upon issuing an imprisonment judgment for a felony, decide that the convict

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 27 be deprived of one right or privilege or more, among those stipulated in Article (76) of this Law, for a period not less than one year and not exceeding (3) three years, and starting as of the day on which the execution of the penalty is completed or forfeited for any other reason.

Article (82) When sentencing a public servant to imprisonment with respect to any crime in which the perpetrator must be a public servant, the court may as well decide that he be dismissed from service for a period not less than one year and not exceeding (3) three years as of the date on which the execution of the penalty is completed or forfeited.

Article (85) Stay of execution of penalty shall be for a period of (3) three years as of the day on which the judgment has become final.

Article (87) If the period stated in Article (86) above expires without the occurrence of any cause of cancellation of the stay of execution, the judgment shall be considered as if it never existed. Chapter Four Plurality of Crimes and Penalties

Article (88) If a single act constitutes several crimes, the crime of which penalty is the severest shall be taken into consideration and such penalty shall be adjudged exclusively.

Article (89) If several crimes, which are inseparably connected with each other, are committed for the same purpose, they shall all be considered a single crime, and the penalty prescribed for the severest crime shall be imposed.

Article (90) Imposing the penalty prescribed for the severest crime as stipulated in the two preceding Articles shall not prevent the imposing of the ancillary penalties prescribed by in respect with the other crimes.

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Article (91) If the perpetrator in the case stipulated in Article (89) of this Law, has been convicted for the crime with the mildest penalty, he shall be prosecuted thereafter for the crime with the severest penalty. In such a case, the court shall order the execution of the penalty imposed by the last judgment after deducting therefrom what has been effectively executed according to the previous judgment.

Article (92) If a person commits several crimes before he has been sentenced for any of them, and if the conditions stipulated in Articles (88) and (89) are not applicable to these crimes, the penalty prescribed for each of them shall be imposed on him, and all penalties imposed shall be successively executed against him, provided that the total periods of imprisonment only or the total periods of imprisonment and incarceration combined shall not exceed twenty (20) years, and provided that the periods of incarceration shall not exceed (10) ten years in all cases. If the penalties are of different types, the penalty of imprisonment shall be executed, followed by the penalty of incarceration.

Article (93) The death penalty shall override all other penalties, except for the penalties of proportional fine and confiscation. The penalty of imprisonment shall, to the extent of its period, override the penalty of incarceration imposed for a crime committed before said penalty of imprisonment is imposed.

Article (94) The following penalties and measures shall apply, regardless of their number: 1. Penalty of fine. 2. Ancillary penalties, provided the total periods of police probation do not exceed (5) five years. 3. Criminal Measures.

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 31 Section Six Legal Excuses and Discretionary Extenuating and Aggravating Circumstances Chapter One Legal Excuses And Discretionary Extenuating Circumstances

Article (95) Excuses may either exempt from the penalty or extenuate it. No crime is excusable except in those cases specified in the Law.

Article (96) An exempting excuse shall prevent the imposing of all penalties or measures except confiscation.

Article (97) Extenuating excuses include the young age of the perpetrator, committing of the crime for non-malicious motives or due to the fact that the victim has unjustly and dangerously provoked him.

Article (98) If there is an extenuating excuse for a crime punishable by death, it shall be reduced to life or temporary imprisonment or to incarceration for not less than one year; and if it is punishable by life imprisonment, it shall be reduced to temporary imprisonment or incarceration for not less than (6) six months; and if it is punishable by temporary imprisonment, it shall be reduced to incarceration for not less than (3) three months, unless the law stipulates otherwise.

Article (100) If in the case of misdemeanour, there is an extenuating excuse, the extenuation shall be as follows: 1. If there is a specific minimum for the penalty, the court shall not abide thereby in assessing the penalty. 2. If the penalty is incarceration and a fine, the court shall impose only one of the two penalties. 3. If the penalty is incarceration without any specific minimum period, the court may impose a fine instead.

Article (101) If the court finds in a misdemeanour that the circumstances of the crime or the perpetrator call for clemency, it may reduce the penalty prescribed as stated the preceding Article.

Article (102) If, in the case of a misdemeanour, there is an extenuating circumstance and an extenuating excuse at the same time, the court may grant the accused judicial pardon.

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 33 Chapter Two Aggravating Circumstances

Article (103) Taking into account the cases in which the law stipulates specific reasons for aggravation, the following shall be deemed as aggravating circumstances: 1. Committing the crime for a vile motive. 2. Committing the crime using the weak state of mind of the victim or his incapacity to resist, or being under circumstances which would not allow others to defend him. 3. Committing the crime using savage means or by mutilation of the victim. 4. Committing the crime by a public servant through exploiting the authority of his position or capacity, unless the law stipulates a specific penalty with respect of such capacity.

Article (104) If there is an aggravating circumstance in the crime, the court may impose the penalty as follows: 1. If the penalty originally prescribed for the crime is a fine, its maximum limit may be doubled, or incarceration shall be adjudged. 2. If the penalty originally prescribed for the crime is incarceration, its maximum limit may be doubled. 3. If the penalty originally prescribed for the crime is temporary imprisonment of which maximum limit is less than (15) fifteen years, the penalty may reach such limit. 4. If the penalty originally prescribed for the crime is temporary imprisonment that reached its maximum limit, it may be replaced by life imprisonment.

Article (105) If a crime, not punishable by a fine, is committed with the motive of making profit, the perpetrator may be punished, in addition to the penalty originally prescribed for the crime, by imposing a fine not exceeding the amount of profit realized, unless the law stipulates otherwise.

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Article (106) If there are both aggravating circumstances and extenuating excuses or circumstances in one crime, the court shall apply first the aggravating circumstances, then the extenuating excuses and finally the extenuating circumstances. However, if the aggravating circumstances and the excuses produce different effects, the court may let the stronger of both prevail. Chapter Three Recidivism

Article (107) Any of the following shall be deemed as recidivist: 1. Any person adjudged by a final judgment in a felony and commits a crime thereafter. 2. Any person adjudged by a final judgment of imprisonment for (6) six months or more and then commits a misdemeanour within (3) three years before the expiry date of such penalty. Recidivism is only consummated in crimes united in of premeditation and mistake. In such events, the court may not deem recidivism as aggravating circumstance.

Article (109) The court may impose, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding Article, on whomever commits a misdemeanour from amongst those stated therein after he had been previously convicted for one of the crimes stated in Articles (355), (464), (466) and (468) of this Law, s two freedom-restricting penalties, both of them for at least one year, or three freedom-restricting penalties, one of which for at least one year. Section Seven Criminal Measures Chapter One Types of Criminal Measures

Article (110) Criminal measures are either restrictive of freedom, depriving of rights, or material. Part One Freedom-Restricting Measures

Article (111) Freedom-restricting measures are: 1. Prohibiting visits to certain public places. 2. Prohibiting residing in a certain place. 3. Probation. 4. Community service. 5. Deportation from the State.

Article (112) The court may prohibit the convict for a period not less than one year and not exceeding (5) five years from visiting the public places it specifies, if the crime has been committed under the influence of an intoxicating or narcotic substance, as well as in other cases stipulated by the Law.

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Article (113) The prohibition to reside in a specific place is to deprive the convict, after his release and for a period of at least one year and at most (5) five years, of residing in said place or of visiting the places determined by the judgment.

Article (115) The court which has issued the judgment may, upon the request of the Public Prosecution or the convict, reduce the period adjudged according to the preceding Articles, exempt the convict from the remaining period or change the places in which the measure is to be enforced.

Article (117) If a person is sentenced to death or life imprisonment and special pardon is issued forfeiting all or part of the penalty or replacing it by a milder penalty, he shall by force of the law and for a period of (5) five years be subject to the probation restrictions stipulated in Clauses (1, 2 and 4) of the preceding Article, unless the pardon decision stipulates otherwise.

Article (118) If a person is sentenced to life or temporary imprisonment for a crime against the external or internal security of the State, he shall be put under probation for a period not exceeding (5) five years. When imposing, in a felony, a penalty restricting freedom for a period exceeding one year, the court may adjudge probation for a period not exceeding (5) five years and not exceeding the period of the penalty.

Article (119) The period of probation shall start as of the date specified by the judgment for its execution, and in case of impossibility to enforce it, the date specified for its expiry shall not be extended.

Article (120) The Public Prosecution shall supervise the execution of probation by virtue of periodical reports to be submitted thereto every (3) three months at least, by the competent administrative authority with respect to the conduct of the convict. The court who has

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 38 issued the judgment may, at the request of the convict or the Public Prosecution, amend the restrictions of such probation or exempt from the convict from all or part of them after hearing the opinion of the Public Prosecution.

Article (121) Community service is to obligate the convict to perform community service work, as specified by a Cabinet resolution, in any of the institutions or establishments which are designated by a resolution issued by the Minister of Justice in coordination with the competent entities, or by a decision issued by the head of the local judicial authority. Community service shall not be adjudged, except in penalties for misdemeanours and in lieu of the penalty of incarceration that does not exceed six months or the penalty of fine, provided that the period of community service shall not exceed (3) three months.

Article (122) The community service shall be performed in the entity or entities that the Public Prosecutor or his deputy chooses as per the resolution referred to in Article (121) of this Law, in coordination with said entity or entities and under the supervision of the Public Prosecution.

Article (123) The entity in which the community service is performed shall submit a detailed report to the Public Prosecution on the convict's performance, discipline and behaviour and the extent to which he is committed to perform the service assigned thereto.

Article (124) If the convict fails to meet the requirements of the performance of the community service, the court may, at the request of the Public Prosecution, apply the penalty of incarceration for a period identical to the community service period or order the completion of the remaining period. The Public Prosecution may postpone the performance of the community service if necessary, provided that the measures ensuring such performance shall be taken.

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Article (125) The community service shall be subject to the provisions of the Federal Criminal Procedure Law.

Article (127) Measures depriving rights and material measures are: 1. Forfeiture of tutorship, guardianship, curatorship or proxy relating to the absentee. 2. Prohibition to carry out a specific job. 3. Withdrawal of driving license. 4. Closure of premises.

Article (128) Forfeiture of tutorship, guardianship, curatorship or proxy relating to an absentee, is to deprive the convict of exercising such power, whether it concerns the person or the funds. Forfeiture shall be for the period determined by the court. And the court may restrict forfeiture to only some of the powers resulting from tutorship,

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 40 guardianship, curatorship or proxy relating to the absentee.

Article (129) If the tutor, guardian, curator or proxy of an absent is convicted for a crime which he has committed in violation of the duties of his authority, the court may order the forfeiture of his tutorship, guardianship, curatorship or proxy relating to the absentee. The forfeiture shall be mandatory if he commits a crime disqualifying him of being a tutor, guardian, curator or proxy of the absentee.

Article (130) Prohibition to carry out a job is the deprivation of the right to practise a profession, a craft or an industrial or commercial activity of which practice requires a licence from the public service authority.

Article (132) Withdrawal of the driving licence shall result in suspending all effects of the licence previously granted to the convict during the period fixed by the court which shall not be less than (3) three months or more than (2) two years. Such a measure may also be ordered when imposing a freedom-restricting penalty for a crime committed through mechanical transport means, in violation of the obligations

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 41 imposed by the law.

Article (135) Subject to the provisions of Article (124) of this Law, any violation of the provisions of the sentence of a criminal measure shall be punished by incarceration for a period not exceeding one year or by a fine not exceeding (5,000) five thousand AED. The court may, in lieu of imposing the penalty prescribed in the preceding paragraph, extend the period of the measure for a period not exceeding half of the sentenced period and shall not, in any case, exceed (3) three years, or replace it by any of the other measures stipulated in the preceding Chapter.

Article (136) Measures stipulated in this section may not be subject to stay of execution.

Article (138) If the act constituting a crime is committed by a person in a state of insanity or mental deficiency or psychological disease that made him completely incapable to control his actions, the court shall order to place him in a therapeutical shelter, according to the cases determined by a decision issued by the Minister of Justice after consultation with the Minister of Health and Prevention. The same measure shall be applied to the person who is afflicted by any of said states after issuing the judgment. Part Two Habitual Delinquency

Article (140) A person shall constitute a social danger if he suffers insanity, mental deficiency or psychological disease which makes him incapable to control his actions, in such a way that endangers his own safety or the safety of other, , in which case he shall be placed in a special therapeutical shelter by virtue of an order to be issued by the competent court upon the request of the Public Prosecution. Chapter Two Measures of Social Defence

Article (141) Measures of social defence are: 1. Placement in a therapeutical shelter. 2. Placement in any of the Labour Establishments. 3. Probation. 4. Obligation to reside in home of origin.

Article (142) of this Law. A penalty of incarceration shall be imposed on whoever instigates or assists another person to commit suicide in any manner if he commits or attempts suicide based on the same. If the person who has committed suicide is under 18 years of age or of diminished capacity or perception, this shall be considered as an aggravating circumstance. The instigator shall be punished with the penalty prescribed for deliberate murder or attempt thereto, as the case may be, if the person committing or attempting suicide lacks

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 116 choice or perception.

Article (144) The provisions of Article (116) shall apply to the probation stipulated in this Part, provided that the probation period shall not exceed (3) three years.

Article (145) Obligation to reside in home of origin is to send the individual back to his home where he was residing before he moved to the place where it was proved that he constitutes social danger, for a period not less than (6) six months and not exceeding (3) three years.

Article (146) In the event violating the measures provisions stipulated in this Part, the court may order extension of the measure for a period not exceeding half of the period previously adjudged.

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Article (147) Measures of social defence may not be subject to stay of execution. Section Nine General Pardon, Remission From Penalty and Judicial Pardon

Article (148) General pardon for a certain crime or certain crimes shall be issued by virtue of a law and it entails the forfeiture of the criminal action or the deletion of the conviction judgment issued thereon, and deeming such crimes or crime as non-existent, and the forfeiture of all principal and ancillary penalties as well as the criminal measures, but it shall have no effect on any previously executed penalties and criminal measures.

Article (149) If a law is promulgated granting general pardon for part of the penalties imposed, it shall be considered a special pardon and the provisions stipulated for the latter shall apply thereto.

Article (150) The special pardon shall be granted by virtue of decree that includes the forfeiture of all, or part of the penalty imposed by a Federal Judicial Authority, or the replacement thereof with a milder penalty prescribed by law. The special pardon shall not forfeit the ancillary punishments, other criminal consequences or criminal measures unless the decree stipulates otherwise. The special pardon shall have no effect with regard to the previously executed penalties.

Article (151) Forfeiture of the penalty or criminal measure by special pardon shall be considered as if executed.

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Article (152) In addition to the events stipulated by a special provision, the judge may pardon the perpetrator in misdemeanours, in any of the following events: 1. If the perpetrator has not completed (21) twenty-one years of age at the time of committing the crime and has not been convicted in another crime. 2. If the misdemeanour is a crime of libel or battery and the assault is reciprocated, or if the assault is minor and the victim waives his personal right. In the event of pardon, the judge may give such advice and guidance to the perpetrator as he deems fit, and shall warn him that he shall not benefit from a new pardon in the future.

Article (153) The pardon, whatever its type, shall be without prejudice to the rights of the litigants or third parties. Book Two Crimes and their Penalties Section One Crimes Against the Security and Interests of the State Chapter One Crimes Against the External Security of the State

Article (154) Every citizen who, in any manner, joins the armed forces or security authorities of a country that is hostile to the State or at war therewith, or joins an armed force of a group that is hostile to the State or aims to prejudice the security of the State, shall be punished by death.

Article (155) Any person who deliberately commits an act that leads to affecting the State's sovereignty, independence, unity or the integrity of its territories shall be punished by death or life imprisonment.

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Article (156) Any person who carries arms against the State or attempts or instigates to do the same shall be punished by death or life imprisonment.

Article (159) The death penalty shall be imposed on anyone who deliberately helps an enemy, a country or group that is hostile or aims to prejudice the security of the State by transmitting information thereto or acting as guide thereof. Life imprisonment shall be imposed on any person who offers a service to anyone of those stated in the preceding paragraph to obtain a benefit, interest, or a promise thereof for himself or for a person appointed thereby for that purpose, whether directly or indirectly, and whether the benefit or interest is material or non-material.

Article (160) Life imprisonment shall be imposed on anyone who knowingly helps or aids a prisoner of war, a detained enemy soldier, citizen or agent, or a member of a group that is hostile or aims to prejudice the security of the State, or provides shelter, food, clothes, means of transport or any other form of assistance to anyone of them or hides them after escaping from detention. The same penalty shall be imposed if the person who assists or aids resists the authorities that attempt to re-arrest anyone of the aforementioned persons. The penalty shall be death if such resistance results in the demise of someone.

Article (161) Life imprisonment shall be imposed on any public servant, entrusted with guarding a war prisoner or any of the enemy's detained citizens or agents, who deliberately facilitates their escape from detention. The penalty shall be imprisonment for a period not less than (3) three years and not exceeding (5) five years if the act occurs as a result of negligence in guarding.

Article (162) The death penalty shall be imposed on anyone who seeks to collaborate with a foreign country or a group that is hostile or aims to prejudice the security of the State or anyone who works for their interest, or communicates with anyone of them to assist in their war

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 50 operations or to jeopardize the war operations of the State. Life imprisonment shall be imposed on anyone who seeks to collaborate with the persons stated in the preceding paragraph, or anyone who works for their benefit, or who communicates with any of them to carry out hostile activities against the State.

Article (164) Life imprisonment shall be imposed on any person who has been entrusted with negotiating with a foreign government or an international organization concerning any of the State's affairs, but deliberately conducts such negotiations against the State's interests.

Article (167) Life imprisonment shall be imposed on any public servant or any person entrusted with a public service, who discloses any of the State's defence secrets entrusted thereto. The penalty shall be death if the crime occurs during war time.

Article (169) Life imprisonment shall be imposed on anyone who deliberately destroys, impairs or disrupts down a weapon, ship, airplane, equipment, establishment, means of transport, public utility, ammunition, supplies, medicines, or other things which are prepared for the State's defence or used in connection therewith. The same penalty shall be imposed upon anyone who deliberately mis-manufactures or mis-repairs any of the things stated in the preceding paragraph, as well as anyone who deliberately acts in a manner that makes them unfit for their intended use, even temporarily, or results in damage. The penalty shall be death if the crime occurs during war time.

Article (171) A penalty of imprisonment for a period not less than (10) ten years and not exceeding (25) twenty-five years and a fine equivalent to double the value of the act subject of the crime and not less than (1,000,000) one million AED shall be imposed on anyone who, during war time, either by himself or through mediation, directly or indirectly engages in any of the commercial activities which are not mentioned in Article (170) of this Chapter with the citizens of a hostile country. The things subject of the crime shall be confiscated, and if not seized, the perpetrator shall be ordered to pay an additional fine equivalent to the value of such things.

Article (173) If one of the acts stipulated in Articles (169) and (172) of this Chapter is caused by negligence or dereliction, the penalty shall be imprisonment for a period not less than (3) three years and not exceeding (5) five years and a fine not less than (100,000) one hundred

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 54 thousand AED and not exceeding the value of damages caused to the funds or interests of the State as a result of such negligence or dereliction.

Article (174) A penalty of life imprisonment shall be imposed on anyone who deliberately commits any act against a foreign country which harms political relations or exposes the State's civilians, employees, funds or interests to the danger of vengeance acts. If such an act leads to the occurrence of what is stated in this Article, the penalty shall be death. If the act stipulated in the first paragraph of this Article occurred by writing, speech, drawing, declaration, or any information technology or media means, the penalty shall be imprisonment for a period not less than (5) five years and a fine not less than (100,000) one hundred thousand AED.

Article (175) The death penalty shall be imposed on whoever, during war time, deliberately announces false or tendentious news, statements or rumours, or deliberately circulates inflammatory propaganda causing damage to the military preparations of the State's defence or to the military operations of the armed forces, or inciting panic among people, or weakening the morale of the State.

Article (177) A penalty of life imprisonment shall be imposed on whoever publishes, announces, or delivers to a foreign country or any group seeking to prejudice the security of the State or to anyone working for their benefit, in any way or manner and by any means, news, information, items, correspondence, documents, maps, drawings, pictures, coordinates or other things related to government departments or any of the authorities stated in Article (5) of this Law, provided that publication or announcement of such things is prohibited by the competent authority.

Article (178) A penalty of temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on whoever collects, without authorization from the competent authority, information, data, objects, documents, designs, statistics, or others for the purpose of delivering them to a foreign country, group, organization, entity or other, whatever its name or form, or to anyone working for their benefit.

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Article (180) If the perpetrator commits any of the crimes stipulated in Articles (162, 163/ Paragraph (1)/ Clause (1) and Paragraph (2), 165, 166, 175 and 177) of this Chapter with a foreign group or organization or any other entity irrespective of its name, or with someone who works for its benefit, he shall be punished by the penalty prescribed for such crime.

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 57 Chapter Two Crimes Against the Internal Security of the State

Article (181) The death penalty shall be imposed on anyone who tries or attempts by force to overthrow or seize the government system.

Article (182) The death penalty shall be imposed on anyone who tries to commit acts of aggression against the safety of the President or against his freedom, or deliberately endangers his life or freedom. The same penalty shall be imposed if such crime is executed or attempted.

Article (183) A penalty of imprisonment for a period not less than (15) fifteen years and not exceeding (25) twenty-five years and a fine shall be imposed on anyone who mocks, insults, or damages the reputation or dignity or position of the President.

Article (184) A penalty of imprisonment for a period not exceeding (5) five years and a fine not less than (500,000) five hundred thousand AED shall be imposed on whoever mocks at or insults or damages the reputation or dignity or position of the State, any of its authorities or establishments or founding leaders, its flag or national emblem or anthem, or any of its national idols.

Article (185) The penalty of life imprisonment shall be imposed on anyone who resorts to violence, threat or any other illicit means, in order to compel the President of the State to exercise or refrain from exercising any of the powers vested therein him by law.

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Article (186) The penalty of life imprisonment shall be imposed on anyone who resorts to violence, threat or any other illicit means, in order to compel the prime minister, his deputy, any of the ministers, the Chairman of the Federal National Council or any of its members or any of the members of the judicial authority to exercise or refrain from exercising any of the powers vested therein by law.

Article (187) The death penalty shall be imposed on anyone who tries or attempts to commit or commit an act of aggression against the safety or freedom of the president of a foreign country. Legal action in crimes stipulated in this Article shall only be filed by the Public Prosecutor.

Article (190) The death penalty or life imprisonment shall be imposed on whoever establishes, founds, organizes, administers or joins any association, entity, organization, formation, group or gang or any branch thereof, whatever is the name or form thereof, aiming or seeking or working to prejudice the safety or interests of the State. The same penalty shall be imposed on whoever cooperates, in any manner, with any of the associations, corporations, organizations or formations stated in the first paragraph of this Article or provides them with financial or material support knowing their purposes.

Article (191) A penalty of imprisonment for a period not less than (5) five years shall be imposed on whoever collects, obtains or receives funds, directly or indirectly, from inside or outside the State, in order to achieve any of the purposes stipulated in Articles (188), (189) and (190) of this Law.

Article (192) A penalty of imprisonment for a period not less than (5) five years shall be imposed on whoever engages in an activity for the purpose of teaching or providing guidance or training to implement the objectives stipulated in Articles (188), (189), (190) of this Law, whether directly or through an information technology means.

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Article (193) A penalty of temporary imprisonment and a fine not less than (200,000) two hundred thousand AED, shall be imposed on whoever establishes, founds, organizes or manages a worship or religious teaching venue in the State without a licence from the competent authorities. If any of the acts mentioned in the first paragraph harms the national unity or the social peace or the public interest, this shall be deemed to be an aggravating circumstance.

Article (196) A penalty of imprisonment for a period not less than (10) ten years and a fine not exceeding (500,000) five hundred thousand AED shall be imposed on anyone who exploits religion to propagate verbally, by writing or any other means such ideas that may incite commotion or harm the national unity or social peace.

Article (197) A penalty of life imprisonment shall be imposed on anyone who, for criminal purposes, unlawfully and without any assignment from the Government, assumes the command of a unit or division of the army or police, part of a fleet, a military ship or aircraft, a military or police post, or a harbour or a city. The same penalty shall be imposed on whoever, in spite of being ordered by the Government, remains in any military or security command whatever, an on any head of any military or security force who maintains such a force in spite of being ordered by the Government to discharge it.

Article (199) A penalty of life or temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on whoever instigates members of the armed forces or policemen or security bodies to disobey orders or to abandon the performance of their military, security or police duties.

Article (200) The death penalty or life imprisonment shall be imposed on anyone who forms a gang that attacks a group of residents, or resists with arms the public authority officers, in order to hinder the enforcement of the laws; and on anyone who becomes leader of such a gang or occupies any leading position therein. As for any person who joins such gang but has neither participated in its formation nor in its leadership, he shall be punished with life or temporary imprisonment.

Article (201) The death penalty or life imprisonment shall be imposed on anyone who appoints himself leader of an armed gang, occupies a leading position therein, manages its operations or organizes it for the purpose of usurping or plundering lands or funds owned by the State or by a group of people, or for the purpose of resisting the military force ordered to pursue the perpetrators of such crimes. Other members of such a gang shall be punished by life or temporary imprisonment.

Article (202) A penalty of life or temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on anyone who brings or gives to the gang mentioned in the preceding Article, weapons, ammunition or equipment as an aid for achieving its objective with full knowledge thereof; provides supplies or raise funds thereto, or takes part in criminal communications, in any manner whatsoever, with the leaders or managers of said gang, and also anyone who provides lodging, shelter or

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 63 meeting places for them, while he is fully aware of their purpose and identity.

Article (203) A penalty of life or temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on anyone who tries to occupy by force any of the buildings which are public or designated for governmental departments or any of the authorities stated in Article (5) of this Law. If the crime is committed by an armed gang, the person who has formed the gang, assumed its leadership or occupied any leading position therein shall be punished by death or life imprisonment.

Article (204) Incarceration shall be imposed on anyone who deliberately damages public buildings or properties, or properties designated for governmental departments, or any of the authorities stated in Article (5) of this Law. The penalty shall be imprisonment for a period not exceeding (5) five years if the crime leads to disruption of a public utility or public benefit services, or if it endangers the life, health or safety of the people. The penalty shall be life imprisonment if the crime occurs at a time of turmoil or commotion, or for the purpose of provoking panic or chaos among people. In all cases, the perpetrator shall pay the value of the thing damaged thereby.

Article (205) A penalty of life or temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on anyone who, without authorization, manufactures or imports explosives; and a penalty of temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on anyone who, without authorization, possesses or acquires explosives. Explosives include any substance included in their composition and which shall be determined by a resolution of the competent minister, as well as any equipment, machines or tools used in their manufacturing or explosion.

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Article (206) The death penalty shall be imposed on anyone who uses explosives in committing any of the crimes stipulated in Articles (203) and (204) of this Law.

Article (207) A penalty of temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on anyone who deliberately uses or attempts to use explosives in a manner that would endanger people's life.

Article (208) A penalty of imprisonment for a period of not less than (5) five years shall be imposed on whoever deliberately uses or imports weapons, ammunitions, explosives or military equipment, or attempts to do so in manner that endangers the funds of other people. If the explosive causes grave damage to such funds, this shall be deemed to be an aggravating circumstance.

Article (209) A penalty of incarceration and a fine not less than (100,000) one hundred thousand AED and not exceeding (500,000) five hundred thousand AED shall be imposed on whoever instigates others to not comply with the laws or commended a matter which is considered a crime.

Article (211) A penalty of imprisonment for a period not less than (10) ten years shall be imposed on anyone who offers, gives or obtains cash or any benefit to organize a gathering with the intention of committing any of the acts stipulated in the preceding Article, or mediates in the same.

Article (212) A penalty of life imprisonment shall be imposed on anyone who calls for, propagates in any other means, leads, a gathering in a public place or involves in managing its movement, with the intention of committing riots, preventing or disrupting the implementation of laws and regulations, or disturbing public security, even if his call is not accepted. The same penalty shall be imposed on anyone who instigates to do the same.

Article (213) In the cases stipulated in Articles (210) and (211) of this Law, the court shall order to confiscate the weapons, funds and items used in the crime. If it is not possible to seize any of them, the court shall impose a fine equivalent to their value, without prejudice to the rights of bona fide third parties.

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Article (214) The provisions stipulated in Articles (210), (211), (212) and (213) of this Law shall apply to every march or parade which has been organized for the same purpose or has achieved the same result.

Article (215) A penalty of temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on whoever uses any means of communication or information technology or any other means to publish information or news or incites acts that may endanger the security of the State or harm the public order.

Article (216) A penalty of temporary imprisonment and a fine not less than (200,000) two hundred thousand AED and not exceeding (500,000) five hundred thousand AED shall be imposed on anyone who instigates the hatred or contempt of a sect of people if such instigation leads to disturbance of public security.

Article (218) The Court may rule the death penalty for any felony stipulated in this Chapter, if it is committed during war time, for the purpose of assisting the enemy or harming the military operations of the Armed Forces, and if it has effectively fulfilled the intended objective.

Article (219) A penalty of imprisonment for a period not less than one year and a fine shall be imposed on whoever gives a fatwah that prejudices the public order or endangers a person's life or security, safety or freedom. The penalty shall be temporary imprisonment if the fatwah results in any kind of harm.

Article (220) A penalty of life or temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on any citizen who participates, without permission from the competent entities, in an international or local armed conflict. Temporary imprisonment shall be inflicted on whoever instigates, calls for, propagates or facilitates, without permission from the competent entities, the participation in an international or local armed conflict.

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Article (221) A penalty of incarceration and a fine shall be imposed on any citizen who violates the prohibition issued by the competent entities in the State concerning entering or staying in another country.

Article (222) A penalty of temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on whoever announces by any means of publicity his hostility towards the State or the regime or his disloyalty to the leaders thereof.

Article (223) A penalty of temporary imprisonment and a fine of not less than (500,000) five hundred thousand AED and not exceeding (2,000,000) two million AED shall be imposed on whoever violates the instructions issued by the concerned authorities in the State regarding the implementation of United Nations' Security Council resolutions regarding the imposition of international penalties on countries. Chapter Three Provisions Pertaining to Crimes Against External and Internal Security of the State

Article (224) The provisions of this Chapter shall apply to the crimes stipulated in Chapters One and Two of Section One of Book Two of this Law, and the crimes against the State's internal or external security stipulated in other laws.

Article (225) The provisions of Articles (97), (98) and (99) of this Law may not be applied upon issuing a judgment of conviction in one of the crimes against the State's internal or external security, with the exception of the felonies punishable by death or life imprisonment, where the

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 69 death penalty may be reduced to life imprisonment and the life imprisonment may be reduced to temporary imprisonment for a period not less than (10) ten years.

Article (226) Every judgment of conviction in a crime against the State's internal or external security shall necessitate the deportation of the foreigner convict after the completion of the adjudged penalty.

Article (230) Life imprisonment penalty adjudged in one of the crimes against the State's external or internal security shall override the temporary imprisonment and incarceration penalties.

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Article (233) Whoever instigates the commission of one of the crimes against the State's external or internal security shall be punished by the penalty prescribed for the attempt to commit the crime of which the commission he instigates, if such instigation has not produced any effect.

Article (234) Whoever becomes aware of committing one of the crimes against the State's external or internal security and does not inform the competent authorities, shall be punished by the penalty for the attempt to commit such crime. Exemption from the penalty may be granted if the person who refrains from informing is the spouse of the perpetrator or one of his relatives or in-laws up to the fourth degree.

Article (236) The Public Prosecutor may accept conciliation in the crimes stipulated in Articles (174/ third paragraph), (176/ first and third paragraphs), (184), (209), (210/ first paragraph), (217/ first, second and third paragraphs), and (221) of this Law, in return for paying an amount not less than (50,000) fifty thousand AED and not exceeding (500,000) five hundred thousand AED by the accused, before referring the criminal case to the competent court. Conciliation shall result in the abatement of criminal action; and such conciliation shall have no effect on the rights of those affected by the crime. Chapter Four Crimes Against the National Economy

Article (237) A penalty of temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on anyone who destroys, through any means, a factory or any of its subsidiary buildings, facilities, or any warehouse for raw materials, products, consumer commodities, or any other immovables or movables destined for the execution of the development plan.

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Article (238) A period of imprisonment for a period not less than one year shall be imposed on anyone who, through any means of publicity, instigates withdrawing money deposited with public banks or funds, or selling or abstaining from purchasing the State securities and other public stocks. Chapter Five Counterfeiting Money and Government Securities

Article (239) A penalty of life or temporary imprisonment and a fine not less than (200,000) two hundred thousand AED shall be imposed on anyone who counterfeits, falsifies or forges, in any manner whatsoever, whether personally or through intermediary, a currency note or coin legally circulated in the State or in another country or a governmental security. A coin shall be considered counterfeit if any of its metal has been decreased, or if it is coated with paint making it similar to another more valuable coin.

Article (240) The penalty mentioned in the preceding Article shall be imposed on whoever brings in or takes out of the State, personally or through intermediary, a currency or security from amongst those mentioned in the preceding Article, whenever they are counterfeit or forged; and on whoever puts anything of the like into circulation or deals with it or possesses if for the purpose of putting it into circulation or dealing therewith, while he is fully aware of the counterfeiting, falsification or forgery.

Article (241) If the crimes stipulated in the two preceding Articles lead to the devaluation of the national currency or the government securities, or to shaking the financial trust in the internal or external markets, the penalty shall be life imprisonment.

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Article (242) A penalty of incarceration for a period not exceeding one year and a fine not exceeding (50,000) fifty thousand AED shall be imposed on whoever knowingly circulates, brings back into circulation, or brings into the country, a currency coin or note which is no longer in circulation.

Article (243) A penalty of imprisonment for a period not exceeding one year and a fine not exceeding (50,000) fifty thousand AED shall be imposed on whoever, in good faith, accepts a counterfeit or forged currency coin or note or governmental security, then deals therewith after knowing of such counterfeit, forgery or falsification. A penalty of imprisonment for a period not exceeding one year or a fine not exceeding (5,000) five thousand AED shall be imposed on whoever refuses to accept a valid national currency at its lawfully denominated value.

Article (244) A penalty of temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on whoever manufactures machines, tools or other things designed for counterfeiting, forging or falsifying any of the things stated in Article (239) of this Law or obtains such things with the intention to use them for such a purpose. A penalty of incarceration shall be imposed on whoever possesses such machines, tools or things knowing of their purpose.

Article (245) Exemption from the penalty shall be granted to any perpetrators who takes the initiative to inform the judicial or administrative authorities before the counterfeit, falsified or forged money or security is used and before the crime is revealed. However, if such informing happens after the crime is discovered, the court may exempt him from the penalty if it has contributed to the arrest of the remaining perpetrators.

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 76 Chapter Six Forgery Part One Forgery and Counterfeiting of Seals, Marks and Stamps

Article (247) If the seals, postal or financial stamps or marks in respect of which the crimes as stipulated forth in the preceding Article are related to a legal person other than those stated therein, the penalty shall be incarceration.

Article (248) A penalty of temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on anyone who unlawfully uses the seal of the State, the seal of the President of the State, or any of the Rulers of the Emirates, their Crown Princes and deputies, or any of the seals, postage stamps or financial stamps, or marks of the government, its directorates, departments, or any of the authorities stated in

Article (249) A penalty of incarceration for a period not exceeding one year or a fine shall be imposed on whoever counterfeits, imitates, forges, or falsifies metal plates or other marks issued by governmental departments in execution of laws, regulations or systems. The same penalty shall be imposed on anyone who uses any of such things, knowing of its counterfeit or forgery, and on anyone who uses any such genuine plate or mark but without being entitled to.

Article (250) A penalty of incarceration for a period not exceeding (6) six months or a fine not exceeding (10,000) ten thousand AED shall be imposed on whoever makes, distributes or offers for sale printed materials or forms, irrespective of the method of making them, resembling in appearance the government marks, postal or financial stamps, those concerning wire or wireless communications or those issued in a member country of the International Post Union - the aforementioned marks and stamps include international postal receipts. Part Two Forgery of Documents

Article (252) Forgery of an official document shall be punished with imprisonment for a period not exceeding (10) ten years, and forgery of a non-official document shall be punished with incarceration.

Article (253) A penalty of imprisonment for a period not exceeding (5) five years shall be imposed on whoever forges a copy of an official document and such copy has been used, or uses a copy of an official document knowing of its forgery. The penalty shall be incarceration if such copy is of an unofficial document.

Article (254) An official document is that which a public servant or a person entrusted with a public service has the competence to prepare or to interfere in preparing it in any manner or to grant it an official character. Any other document shall be considered as non-official document.

Article (255) A penalty of imprisonment for a period not exceeding (5) five years shall be imposed on any physician or midwife who knowingly issues a false certificate or statement concerning a pregnancy, delivery, disease, physical disability, death or any other similar matter having connection with his profession, even if the act was committed due to an urgent request, recommendation or intermediation.

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Article (256) A penalty of incarceration for a period not exceeding (2) two years or a fine not exceeding (10,000) ten thousand AED shall be imposed on anyone who, during the investigation procedures regarding a matter of death, inheritance or bequest prescribed by law, provides before the authority that is competent to issue the notice thereof, with false statements concerning the facts to be established, not knowing the reality of such facts or knowing that they are not correct, whenever the notice is issued on basis of said statements.

Article (257) A penalty of incarceration for a period not exceeding (2) two years or a fine not exceeding (50,000) fifty thousand AED shall be imposed on anyone who provides incorrect personal information in a judicial or administrative investigation. The same penalty shall be imposed on whoever provides false personal information to a public servant during and for the purpose of the performance of his job.

Article (258) Whoever knowingly uses a forged document shall be punished by the penalty prescribed for the crime of forgery, as the case may be. Whoever unlawfully uses or benefits from a genuine document or the copy thereof in the name of another person shall be punished by the same penalty, as the case may be.

Article (259) The provisions of this Part shall not apply to the cases of forgery stipulated in any special penal laws.

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 80 Chapter Seven Embezzlement and Damage to Public Funds

Article (260) A penalty of temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on any public servant or any person entrusted with a public service who embezzles funds, papers or other things held in his possession ex officio or by reason of his assignment. The penalty shall be temporary imprisonment for a period not less than (5) five years if the crime is indivisibly connected to or associated with a crime of forgery or use of a forged document or forged copy of an official document.

Article (261) A penalty of temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on any public servant or any person entrusted with a public service who takes advantage of his profession and unlawfully embezzles the funds, papers or other things of the State or any of the authorities stated in

Article (262) A penalty of temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on any public servant or any person entrusted with a public service who unlawfully obtains or attempts to obtain for himself or for a third party a profit or an interest from an act related to his job duties.

Article (263) A penalty of temporary imprisonment for a period not exceeding (5) five years shall be imposed on any public servant officer or any person entrusted with a public service whose work is related to the collection of taxes, duties, fines or the like, who knowingly requests

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 81 the payment of which is not due or what exceeds what is due.

Article (264) A penalty of temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on any public servant or any person entrusted with a public service who deliberately harms the funds or interests of the entity where he works, or the funds or interests of a third party entrusted to such entity.

Article (265) A penalty of temporary imprisonment shall be applied on any public servant or any person entrusted with a public service whose work is related to the preparation, administration or execution of contracting, supply or public works pertaining to the State or any of the authorities mentioned in Article (5) above, who benefits directly or through an intermediary from any of said works, or who obtains for himself or for another person, a commission in connection with any matter pertaining to such works.

Article (266) A penalty of temporary imprisonment for a period not exceeding (5) five years shall be imposed on anyone who deliberately commits fraud in performing all or part of the obligations imposed thereon by a contracting agreement or supply contract or by any other administrative contract concluded between him and the Government or any of the authorities mentioned in Article (5).The penalty shall be temporary imprisonment if the crime has caused serious damage, or if said contract is concluded for the purpose of providing the needs of the defence and security, whenever the perpetrator is aware of such purpose.

Article (267) In addition to the penalties prescribed for crimes stated in this Chapter, the perpetrator shall be sentenced to refund and a fine equal to the amount of funds subject of or resulting from the crime, provided that it is not less than (50,000) fifty thousand AED.

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 82

Article (268) A penalty of incarceration and/or a fine not more than (50,000) fifty thousand AED shall be imposed on any public servant or any person entrusted with a public service who, due to his fault, causes damage to the funds or interests of his employer or to the funds or interests of a third party assigned to said employer.

Article (269) The provisions of this Law shall apply to whoever commits one of the crimes stipulated in this Chapter and Chapter One of Section Two of Book Two of this Law outside the State, if the perpetrator or the victim is a citizen or if it is committed by an employee of the public or private sector of the State or if it affects a public property.

Article (270) The criminal lawsuit shall not expire upon the lapse of term in any of the crimes stipulated in this Chapter, and the punishment imposed shall not be forfeited. Moreover, civil lawsuits either arising or related thereto shall not expire upon the lapse of term.

Article (271) Attempt to commit crimes stipulated in this Chapter shall be punished by the same penalty prescribed for the consummated crime. Chapter Eight Strike and Obstruction of Work Progress

Article (273) A penalty of incarceration shall be imposed on anyone who violates the public servant's right of work, whether done with force, violence and threat or in any unlawful manner.

Article (274) A penalty of incarceration or a fine shall be imposed on any contractor or individual in charge of the administration of a public utility who stops the work whenever it is without justification and results in the disruption of performance or regularity of the public service. Section Two Crimes Relating to Public Service Chapter One Bribery

Article (276) A penalty of temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on any public servant, a person entrusted with a public service, a foreign public servant or an employee of an international

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 84 organization who, directly or indirectly, requests, accepts, takes or promises, an unentitled gift, privilege or grant, whether in favour of the employee himself or in favour of another person, entity or establishment, in return for performing or omitting performing an act which is wrongly believed or which he claims to be among his job duties.

Article (277) In the application of Articles (275) and (280) of this Law, arbitrators, experts and fact-finders are treated as public servants within the limits of the work assigned thereto.

Article (278) A penalty of temporary imprisonment for a period not exceeding (5) five years shall be imposed on whoever manages an entity or establishment of the Private Sector, or works therefor in any capacity, who, directly or indirectly, requests, accepts, takes or promises, an unentitled gift, privilege or grant, whether in favour of the employee himself or for another person, in return for performing or omitting an act that falls within his job duties or that violates his job duties, even if he has intended not to perform or omit such act, or if such request, acceptance or promise occurs after performing or omitting the act.

Article (279) A penalty of temporary imprisonment for a period not exceeding (5) five years, shall be imposed on any person who, directly or indirectly, promises, offers or grants a person managing an entity or an establishment in the Private Sector an unentitled gift, privilege or grant, whether in favour of said person himself or in favour of another person, in return for performing or omitting an act that falls within his job duties or that violates of his job duties.

Article (280) A penalty of temporary imprisonment for a period not exceeding (5) five years, shall be imposed on any person who, directly or indirectly, a public servant, a person entrusted with a public service, a foreign public servant or an employee of an international organisation, an unentitled gift, benefit or grant, whether in favour of the employee himself or for another

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 85 person or entity, in return for performing or omitting an act included in his job duties in violation thereof.

Article (281) A penalty of Imprisonment for a period not less than one year and/or a fine not less than (20,000) twenty thousand AED shall be imposed on whoever requests, for himself or for others, accepts or takes a promise or gift to use real or alleged influence to obtain or to attempt to obtain, from a public department or authority or an entity subject to its supervision, a grant, service, benefit, or any unentitled privilege of any kind. The penalty shall be imprisonment for a period not exceeding (5) five years if the perpetrator is a public servant, a person entrusted with a public service, a foreign public servant or an employee of an international organisation.

Article (282) A penalty of temporary imprisonment for a period not exceeding (5) five years shall be imposed on whoever intercedes to influence the briber or the bribed to offer, request, accept, receive or promise a bribe.

Article (283) The perpetrator in all cases stated in the preceding Articles of this Chapter shall be punished with a fine equivalent to what has been requested or offered or accepted, provided that the fine shall not be less than (5,000) five thousand AED. A judgment shall also be issued to confiscate the gift accepted by or offered to the public servant or the person entrusted with a public service.

Article (284) The briber or the intermediary shall be exempted from the penalty if he informs the judicial or administrative authorities of the crime before it is discovered.

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 86

Article (285) The provisions of this Law shall apply to whoever commits one of the crimes stipulated in this Chapter outside the State, if the perpetrator or the victim is a citizen, or if the crime is committed by an employee of the public or private sector of the State or affects public funds.

Article (286) The criminal lawsuit shall not expire upon the lapse of the term in one of the crimes stipulated in this Chapter and the adjudged penalty shall not be forfeited. The civil lawsuits that arise from or are connected to such lawsuit shall not expire upon the lapse of the term.

Article (287) Attempt to commit crimes stipulated in this Chapter shall be punished with the same penalty prescribed for the consummated crime. Chapter Two Jobbery of Abuse of Power

Article (288) A penalty of incarceration shall be imposed on any public servant or aby person entrusted with a public service who, in cases other than those stipulated in the law, arrests, incarcerates or detains any person.

Article (289) A penalty of incarceration shall be imposed on any public servant or any person entrusted with a public service if he knowingly searches a person, his residence or his place of work in cases other than those stipulated in the law, or without consideration of the conditions contained therein.

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 87

Article (290) A penalty of temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on any public servant who, personally or through an intermediary, uses torture, force or threat with an accused, witness or expert in order to compel him to confess a crime, to make a statement or to give information relating thereto, or in order to conceal any matter whatsoever.

Article (291) A penalty of temporary imprisonment for a period not exceeding (5) five years shall be imposed on any public officer who punishes or orders to punish any convict with a penalty that is severer than the one imposed thereon or a penalty which has not been imposed thereon.

Article (292) A penalty of incarceration for a period not less than one year and not exceeding (5) five years, any public servant whose work is related to managing or guarding a penal establishment or any other establishment or institution designated for the enforcement of the criminal or social defence measures if he accepts, without an order from the competent authority, to place a person in such establishment or institution, or to hold him therein after expiry of the period determined for such order, or who refrains from executing the order of release.

Article (293) A penalty of imprisonment for a period not less than one year and/or a fine not less (10,000) ten thousand AED shall be imposed any public servant or any person entrusted with a public service who, based on the power of his office, treats any person with cruelty, in such a manner as to dishonour or cause him bodily agony.

Article (294) A penalty of incarceration shall be imposed on any public servant who, abuses the power of his office, to stop or impede the enforcement of the provisions of laws, regulations, systems,

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 88 resolutions or orders issued by the Government, or the execution of any judgment or order issued by a competent judicial authority, or to delay the collection of any funds, taxes or duties prescribed by the Government.

Article (295) A penalty by incarceration shall be imposed on any employee in post, telegraph or telephone offices, who opens, destroys or conceals a letter or telegram or data deposited or delivered to any of said offices, or who facilitates this matter to others, or he discloses a secret contained in a letter, telegram, or telephone call.

Article (296) A penalty of temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on any public servant or any person entrusted with a public service, apart from those mentioned in the preceding Article, who gives, damages, conceals, or facilitates for another person the acquisition of, information or data that he knows of or unlawfully extracts by virtue of his office. Chapter Three Assault on Employees

Article (299) A penalty of incarceration for a period not exceeding (5) five years shall be imposed on anyone who unduly assumes any of the public offices. The same penalty shall be imposed on anyone who interferes with a public office or service, or performs any of its duties or requirements without being competent or entrusted therewith, for the achievement of an unlawful purpose or to obtain for himself or others a privilege of any kind. The penalty shall be incarceration for a period not less than one year and not exceeding (5) five years if any of the crimes cited in the first paragraph is committed by assuming the capacity of security or police personnel.

Article (301) The court may, in the cases stipulated in the two preceding Articles, order that the judgment or an excerpt thereof be published by the appropriate manner at the expense of the convict. Section Three Crimes Against Administration of Justice Chapter One False Testimony, Perjury and Abstention From Testifying

Article (303) The following shall be exempted from the penalty: 1. Any witness who delivers the testimony during a criminal investigation if he retracts his false testimony before the end of the investigation and before he is denounced. 2. Any witness who testifies on any trial if he retracts his false testimony prior to the

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 91 issuance of any judgment on merits, even if not final.

Article (305) The penalty shall be reduced to its half, for the person upon whose instigation the false testimony has been delivered, if the witness, by saying the truth, would have inevitably exposed him or any of his relatives to harm as specified in the first paragraph of the preceding Article.

Article (307) A penalty of temporary imprisonment for a period not exceeding (5) five years shall be imposed on any physician or midwife requesting or accepting, for themselves or for other 0persons, a gift or privilege of any kind or a promise of anything of the like, in return for delivering false testimony concerning pregnancy, giving birth, disease, physical disability or death, or if they give such testimony due to an urgent request, recommendation or intermediation. In such a case, the provision of the second paragraph of Article (302) of this Law shall apply.

Article (308) Without prejudice to the provisions of Article (290) of this Law, a penalty of incarceration and a fine shall be imposed on anyone who uses torture, force or threat, or who offers a gift or privilege of any kind or a promise of any such things, in order to coerce another person to suppress any matter, or to make untrue statements or conceal any evidence before any judicial authority.

Article (309) A penalty of incarceration for a period not exceeding two years and a fine not exceeding (10,000) ten thousand AED shall be imposed on anyone who compels the adversary party in a civil matter to take oath or to whom oath is reverted and commits perjury. The perpetrator shall be exempted from the penalty if he says the truth after committing perjury and before the issuance of a judgment on the lawsuit in which perjury has been committed.

Article (310) A penalty of incarceration for a period not exceeding one year and/or a fine not exceeding (5,000) five thousand AED shall be imposed on anyone who is called upon to deliver a testimony before any judicial authority and who abstains from taking the oath or testifying evidence, unless his refusal is justified by an acceptable excuse.

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 93 The perpetrator shall be exempted from the penalty if he tracts his abstention before the issuance of any judgment on the lawsuit. Chapter Two Influencing and Defamation of the Judiciary

Article (311) A penalty of incarceration and/or a fine shall be imposed on anyone who, by any means of publicity, prejudices the dignity of a judge or any member of the Public Prosecution in respect of any lawsuit or in relation thereto.

Article (314) A penalty of incarceration for a period not exceeding one year or a fine not exceeding (10,000) ten thousand AED shall be imposed on anyone who, by any means of publicity, in a dishonest manner and in bad faith, publishes the proceedings of the court hearings. Chapter Three Obstruction of Judicial Proceedings

Article (315) A penalty of incarceration shall be imposed on anyone who, with the intention to mislead the judiciary, the investigation authority or evidence-gathering, modifies the situations of the persons, places or things, conceals the evidence of the crime, or knowingly provides false information in this respect.

Article (316) A penalty of incarceration and a fine shall be imposed on anyone who conceals, destroys, or takes possession of a document, deed or any other thing submitted to any of the investigation authorities, or in a lawsuit before any of the judicial authorities, for the purpose of misleading the judiciary or the investigation authority. This provision shall apply even if such document, deed or thing is left in possession of the person who submits it, until requested.

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 95

Article (317) A penalty of incarceration for a period not exceeding (6) six months or a fine not exceeding (5,000) five thousand AED shall be imposed on anyone who is legally bound to submit any document or any other object useful to establish an incident presented to the courts, but abstains therefrom in cases other than those permitted by the law.

Article (318) A penalty of incarceration for a period not exceeding (2) two years and/or a fine not exceeding (100,000) one hundred thousand AED if he commits in bad faith such act that may obstruct the execution procedures against any asset attached judicially, whether by moving, concealing, disposing of, destroying or changing the descriptions of such asset. The above penalty shall apply, even if the act is committed by the owner or custodian of the asset.

Article (319) The penalty prescribed in the preceding Article shall be imposed on any public servant or any person entrusted with a public service who deliberately and unlawfully abstains from executing a judgment or order issued by any court after the lapse of (8) eight days as of being officially notified of execution, whenever the execution of such judgment or order is within his competence.

Article (320) A penalty of temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on anyone who hides the body of a person who died in an accident. A penalty of incarceration shall be imposed on anyone who buries such body prior to authorizing such burial by the competent entities. A penalty of incarceration for a period not exceeding (3) three months or a fine if he buries the body of a person who dies naturally, without permission by the competent entities.

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 96 Chapter Four Abstention From Reporting Crimes

Article (322) A penalty of incarceration for a period not less than one year and/or a fine not less than (20,000) twenty thousand AED shall be imposed on anyone who, in the course of practising his medical or health profession, examines a deceased person or gives first aid to a seriously injured person, in whom he finds signs showing that the death or injury is the result of a crime or that the circumstances of such death or injury appear doubtful thereto, and has not informed the authorities.

Article (323) A penalty of incarceration for a period not exceeding one year or a fine shall be imposed on whoever becomes aware of a crime and abstains from informing the competent authorities. Exemption from such penalty may be granted if the person abstaining is a spouse, descendant, ascendant, sibling, or an in-law with the same degree of relationship, of the

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 97 perpetrator. Chapter Five False Reporting

Article (324) A penalty of incarceration for a period not exceeding (6) six months and/or a fine shall be imposed on whoever reports to judicial or administrative authorities non-existent or false accidents or hazards, or a crime knowing that it has not been committed.

Article (327) A penalty of incarceration for a period not exceeding (5) five years shall be imposed on anyone who unlawfully removes, destroys or acquires papers, documents or things left under a judicial or administrative judgment or order in such places prepared for safe-keeping thereof, or delivered to a person assigned to preserve them; and the penalty shall be temporary imprisonment if the perpetrator is the custodian or the person in charge of preserving such items. If the perpetrator uses violence against persons upon committing the crime, this shall be deemed as an aggravating circumstance.

Article (328) A penalty of incarceration for a period not exceeding (6) six months and/or a fine not exceeding (5,000) five thousand AED shall be imposed on anyone who, while entrusted with the safe-keeping of a seal placed by virtue of a judicial or administrative judgment or order, causes with his negligence any of the crimes stipulated in the two preceding Articles to be committed. Chapter Seven Escape of the Accused and Convicts

Article (329) A penalty of incarceration for a period not exceeding (2) two years shall be imposed on anyone who escapes while being by force of the law, held under arrest or detention pending investigation. The penalty shall be incarceration if the crime is committed by two or more persons, or by threat or violence against persons or property.

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 99 The penalty shall be temporary imprisonment for a period not exceeding (5) five years if the crime is committed through the use or threat to use weapons.

Article (331) A penalty of incarceration for a period not exceeding (2) two years or by a fine not exceeding (20,000) twenty thousand AED shall be imposed on anyone in charge of guarding, watching, transporting or escorting a person under arrest, and who by his negligence causes the escape of such person, if the fugitive is convicted of a penalty prescribed for a felony or an accused in a felony. But in other cases, the penalty shall be incarceration for a period not exceeding (6) six months or a fine not exceeding (5,000) five thousand AED.

Article (333) Any public servant or any person entrusted with a public service, who is assigned with the arrest of a person and who neglects to execute the order with the intent of helping him to escape from justice, shall be punished with the penalty stipulated in the preceding Article, as per the cases stated therein.

Article (335) A penalty of temporary imprisonment for a period not exceeding (7) seven years shall be imposed on anyone who supplies an arrested person with weapons or tools to use them in escaping.

Article (339) A penalty of temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on anyone who deliberately endangers, in any manner whatsoever, the safety of a ship or aircraft or any other public transport means. The penalty shall be life imprisonment if said act results in a disaster to any of the above.

Article (340) A penalty of incarceration and a fine shall be imposed on anyone who causes sabotage or damage to a public road, airport, maritime port, land port, vault, or navigable water course. The penalty shall be life or temporary imprisonment, if the perpetrator uses detonation or explosives to commit the crime.

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 103

Article (341) A penalty of imprisonment for a period not exceeding (7) seven years shall be imposed on any individual deliberately disrupts the function of a public land, sea or air means of transportation.

Article (342) A penalty of incarceration and/or a fine shall be imposed on anyone who causes by his fault an accident to any of the public land, sea or air means of transportation, that would disrupt its functioning or endangers persons. The penalty shall be temporary imprisonment if said act results in a disaster.

Article (343) A penalty pf incarceration shall be imposed on anyone who deliberately endangers the safety of any private means of transportation in any manner whatsoever. The penalty shall be temporary imprisonment if the act deliberately affects the means of transportation of the security or police authorities.

Article (344) A penalty of incarceration for a period not less than one year and a fine not less than (50,000) fifty thousand AED shall be imposed on anyone who deliberately removes, breaks, destroys or incapacitates any equipment, tools or signs designated for prevention of accidents or surveillance cameras. The penalty shall be temporary imprisonment if said act results in a disaster In all cases, the perpetrator shall be ordered by a judgment to pay the value of the damages caused thereby.

Article (345) If the perpetrator, in order to commit any of the crimes stipulated in this Chapter, takes advantage of a period of commotion or riot, or if he commits it with the use of violence or

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 104 threat, this shall be considered an aggravating circumstance.

Article (346) A penalty of temporary imprisonment and a fine not less than (100,000) one hundred thousand AED shall be imposed on whoever transports or attempts to transport any weapons, ammunition, fireworks, military equipment, or flammable, chemical, biological, radiant or nuclear substances in a land, sea or air means of transportation, or via a letter or parcel, in violation to the relevant laws, regulations or systems. In all cases, a judgment shall be issued ordering the confiscation of the substances and means of transportation, and the deportation of the foreigner.

Article (347) A penalty of by temporary imprisonment for a period not exceeding (5) five years if he deliberately disrupts a means of telecommunication or other services allocated for public benefit or cuts or destroys or deliberately prevents the repair of any of its wires or devices. The penalty shall be temporary imprisonment for a period not less than (5) five years if the crime is committed at times of war, riot or commotion or by the use of firecrackers or explosives.

Article (348) A penalty of incarceration for a period not exceeding one year or a fine not exceeding (10,000) ten thousand AED shall be imposed on any individual who deliberately causes nuisance to other through using telecommunication devices.

Article (349) A penalty of life imprisonment shall be imposed on whoever deliberately endangers the life or safety of people, by using substances, germs or other things which cause death or serious damage to public health.

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 105

Article (350) A penalty of incarceration and a fine shall be imposed on anyone who spoils the water of a well, reservoir, any other public water storage tank, or any other similar thing designated for the public use, causing such water to become unfit for use.

Article (351) A penalty of temporary imprisonment for a period not exceeding (10) ten years shall be imposed on anyone who deliberately breaks, destroys or commits any other similar act impairing the machines, pipes or devices pertaining to the utilities of water, electricity, gas, petroleum or any other public utility, if such act puts said utility out of service.

Article (352) A penalty of life imprisonment shall be imposed on whoever deliberately demolishes, sabotages, spoils or causes damage to any fixed or mobile private health facilities and units or items or instruments present in such units and facilities, or deliberately impairs any of them or makes them unfit for use.

Article (353) A penalty of imprisonment for a period not less than one year and a fine not less than (50,000) fifty thousand AED shall be imposed on whoever deliberately disrupts, in any manner, a device, machine, or other things which are designated for first aid, firefighting, rescue of drowned persons or prevention of other accidents. The penalty shall be temporary imprisonment if the crime results in a disaster. In all cases, the perpetrator shall be ordered by a judgment to pay the value of the damages caused thereby.

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 106 Chapter Two Fire

Article (355) A penalty of temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on anyone who deliberately sets fire to: 1. Timberlands or forests for wood gathering, or gardens or crops before they are harvested, if they are the property of other persons. 2. Timberlands or forests for wood gathering, or gardens, or crops before they are harvested, if they are his own property and if the fire has extended to other persons property, causing harm thereto.

Article (356) A penalty of temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on anyone who deliberately sets fire to buildings that are uninhabited and are not designated for habitation, which are located out of the inhabited areas,, or to crops, piles of hay, harvested yield left where it has been harvested, or to firewood piled, closely packed together or left where it has been gathered,

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 107 whether such things are not the property of the perpetrator, or are his own property and the fire has extended to another person's property causing harm thereto.

Article (357) A penalty of incarceration and a fine not less than (10,000) ten thousand AED shall be imposed on whoever sets fire in cases other than the cases stated in the preceding Articles for the purpose of inflicting material damage to third parties, or gaining illicit advantage for the perpetrator or another person.

Article (358) If the fire results in the death of a human being, the person who has set it shall be sentenced to death in the cases stipulated in Articles (354) and (355) of this Law, and to life imprisonment in the cases stipulated in Articles (356) and (357).

Article (359) Using an explosive to damage any of the things stated in the preceding Articles of this Chapter shall be deemed an aggravating circumstance, even if the damage is partial.

Article (360) Anyone who causes, by his fault, the burning of any object belonging to a third party, shall be punished by incarceration for a period not exceeding one year or a fine not exceeding (10,000) ten thousand AED.

Article (361) A penalty of incarceration for a period not less than one year or a fine not less than (10,000) ten thousand AED shall be imposed on anyone who is, by force of the law or systems, bound to keep firefighting equipment, and fails to duly install it or to keep it in a continuous operational condition. A penalty of incarceration for a period not less than one year or a fine not less than (50,000)

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 108 fifty thousand AED shall be imposed on whoever removes firefighting equipment or changes its place or makes it unfit for use. Section Five Crimes Against Religions Creeds And Rites

Article (362) A penalty of incarceration and/or a fine shall be imposed on anyone who commits any of the following crimes: 1. Offending any of the Islamic sacred beliefs or rites. 2. Insulting any of the recognized divine religions. 3. Approving, instigating or promoting sin or doing any act that would tempt people to commit sin. If any of such crimes is committed in public, the penalty shall be incarceration for a period not less than one year and/or a fine not less than (100,000) one hundred thousand AED.

Article (364) A penalty of incarceration and/or a fine shall be imposed on anyone who offends any of the sacred beliefs or rites dictated in other religions, whenever they are protected under the provisions of Islamic Sharia.

Article (365) A penalty of incarceration for a period not exceeding one year or a fine not exceeding (10,000) ten thousand AED shall be imposed on anyone who knowingly profanes or desecrates any place designated for the burial of deceased persons or the preservation of mortal remains, or anyone who knowingly profanes or desecrates the corpse or mortal remains of a human dead.

Article (367) A penalty of incarceration and/or a fine shall be imposed on whoever: 1. Seeks the help of another person in the acts of trickery, magic or jugglery stated in the preceding Article with the intention of affecting a third party's body, heart, mind or will. 2. Brings or imports to the State or acquires or possesses or disposes by any means of disposition of books, spells, materials or tools designated for the acts of trickery, magic or jugglery stated in the preceding Article. 3. Promotes, by any means whatsoever, any of the acts of trickery, magic or jugglery stated in the preceding Article.

Article (368) Anyone who founds, establishes, organizes or administers an association, entity, organization or any subsidiary thereof, aiming to challenge or raise doubts in the basic principles and instructions of the Islamic Religion, any of its necessarily well-known mandates and precepts, or to preach any religion other than Islam, or to propagate any doctrine or idea which includes, recommends or promotes any of the foregoing, shall be punished by temporary imprisonment for a period not less than (5) five years and not exceeding (10) ten years.

Article (369) Anyone who, while being fully aware of its objectives, joins, participates in or provide assistance of any kind to an association or any of the other entities stated in the preceding Article, Shall be punished by temporary imprisonment for a period not exceeding (7) seven

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 111 years.

Article (370) Anyone who challenges or raises doubts in the basic principles and instructions of the Islamic Religion, or any of its necessarily well-known mandates and precepts, or who offends it or who preaches another religion or propagates any doctrine or idea which includes, recommends or promotes any of the foregoing shall be punished by temporary imprisonment for a period not exceeding (5) five years.

Article (372) I any of the crimes stipulated in Articles (369) and (371) of this Law is committed with the use of force or threat, or if the use of force or threat is noticeable in committing them, the perpetrator shall be punished with temporary imprisonment for a period not less than (7) seven years.

Article (374) A penalty of incarceration for a period not less than one year and/or a fine not less than (5,000) five thousand AED shall be imposed on whoever obtains or receives funds, directly or indirectly, from a person or an entity inside or outside the State if this is for the purpose of performing or promoting any of the acts stipulated in Articles (370) and (371) of this Law.

Article (375) The penalty for the attempt of the crimes stipulated in this Chapter shall be within the minimum and maximum limits of the penalty prescribed for each of them.

Article (377) Exemption from the penalty shall be granted to any perpetrator involved in any of the crimes stipulated in Article (362) and Articles (368) to (375) of this Law if he informs the judicial or administrative authorities of the crime before it is discovered. If such informing is made known after discovering the crime, the court may exempt him from the penalty if it leads to the arrest of the remaining perpetrators. Section Six Crimes Against the Family

Article (378) A penalty of temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on anyone who isolates a new-born from the person who has legitimate power over him, or who hides such new-born, replaces him with another new-born, or falsely imputes him to other than his parents. In the event where there is evidence that said new-born is born dead, the penalty shall be incarceration for a period not exceeding (2) two months and/or a fine not exceeding (50,000) fifty thousand AED.

Article (379) A penalty of incarceration or a fine shall be imposed on anyone is in charge of a child and refrains from giving him up to the person who is entitled to claim him by virtue of a final decision or judgment issued by the judicial authority.

Article (380) A penalty of incarceration or a fine shall be imposed on either of the parents or grandparents who abducts his minor child or his grandchild, personally or through an intermediary, even without deception or coercion, or refuses to return or deliver the minor child, to the person who is entitled to his custody or care in accordance with a final decision or judgment issued by the judicial authority.

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Article (381) The criminal lawsuit in Articles (379) and (380) of this Law shall expire if waiver or conciliation is concluded after the crime takes place and before deciding thereon by a final judgment. If this happens after the judgment becomes final, the execution thereof shall be stayed.

Article (383) Without prejudice to the right to the entitle Diya, any person who commits any of the crimes stipulated in this Chapter shall be punished with the penalties stipulated therein, in the cases where the punishment of Qisas is forbidden.

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Article (385) Predetermination is the intention determined against any person and the thorough preparation of the means of execution of the act before committing the crime. Premeditation is to lurking for a parson in one or several places, during a certain period of time, long or short, in order to be able to murder said person or to attack him unexpectedly with the use of violence.

Article (386) A penalty of incarceration for a period not exceeding (6) six months or a fine not exceeding (5,000) five thousand AED shall be imposed on whoever attempts suicide. The court may order to place the perpetrator in a therapeutical shelter instead of imposing the penalty prescribed for the crime on him, in accordance with the controls stipulated in

Article (387) A penalty of temporary imprisonment for a period not exceeding (10) ten years shall be imposed on anyone who commits assault on the physical safety of another person, in any manner, without intending to kill him, but the assault leads to his death. If any of the circumstances stipulated in the second paragraph of Article (384) is fulfilled, this shall be considered an aggravating circumstance. Committing the act while in a state of drunkenness or narcotization shall also be considered an aggravating circumstance, without prejudice to the provisions of Articles (62) and (63).

Article (388) A penalty of temporary imprisonment for a period not exceeding (7) seven years shall be imposed on anyone who deliberately causes permanent disability to another. If any of the circumstances stipulated in the second paragraph of Article (384) of this Law is fulfilled, this shall be considered an aggravating circumstance. A disability is deemed permanent if the injury has caused the cutting of, severance or amputation of an organ or any part thereof, or total or partial or loss its if its benefit, or the permanent total or partial loss of the function of any sense. Any grave mutilation which cannot be removed shall be considered as disability.

Article (389) A penalty of temporary imprisonment for a period not exceeding (5) five years shall be imposed on anyone who commits assault on the physical integrity of another person, in any manner, leading to unintentional permanent disability. The penalty shall be imprisonment for a period not exceeding (10) ten years if any of the circumstances stipulated in the second paragraph of Article (384) is fulfilled, or if the perpetrator commits the act in a state of drunkenness or narcotization, without prejudice to the provisions of Articles (62 and 63) of this Law.

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Article (390) A penalty of incarceration and a fine shall be imposed on anyone who commits assault on the physical integrity of another person in any manner whatever, which leads to a disease or the inability to carry on his personal activities for more than twenty days. The penalty shall be incarceration for a period not exceeding one year and a fine not exceeding (10,000) ten thousand AED if the results of the assault are not as grave as is described in the preceding paragraph. If the assault leads on a pregnant woman to abortion, this shall be considered an aggravating circumstance.

Article (396) In the event that the perpetrator, of his own volition, surrenders to the judicial or administrative authorities prior to their discovery of the whereabouts of the abducted person and actively assists in guiding them to the said location while providing information regarding the other perpetrator involved in the crime, thereby leading to the successful rescue of the abducted person, the perpetrator shall be granted an exemption from punishment for the offences outlined in the preceding Article.

Article (397) Whoever facilitates the entry or exit of an individual into or from the country with the deliberate intent to possess or dispose of thereof, as well as whoever possesses, purchases, sells, offers for sale, or in any way engages in the disposition of another person on the premise that of being slaves, shall be subject to the imposition of temporary imprisonment.

Article (398) Whoever forces a person to work, with or without pay, for a private interest, in cases other than those permitted by law, shall be liable to imprisonment for a duration not exceeding one year, in addition to a fine not surpassing (10,000) ten thousand Dirhams or one of these two penalties. Chapter Three Exposure to Danger

Article (399) A penalty of incarceration and/or a fine shall be imposed on anyone who deliberately commits an act that would endanger people's life, health, safety or liberty. The penalty shall be incarceration if any injury whatever has resulted from such act, without prejudice to any severer punishment prescribed by the law.

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Article (401) A penalty of incarceration or by a fine not exceeding (10,000) ten thousand AED anyone who, either personally or through an intermediary, endangers in a populous area a child who has not completed (7) seven years of age. Chapter Four Threat

Article (402) A penalty of temporary imprisonment for a period not exceeding (7) seven years shall be imposed on anyone who threatens another, in writing or orally, to commit a felony against his person or property, or against the person or property of another person, or who attributes thereto or discloses dishonouring matters, whenever such threats are or are meant to be associated with the request or assignment to commit or omit an act.

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Article (403) A penalty of incarceration shall be imposed on anyone who threatens another to commit a felony against his person or property or against the person or property of another person, or who attributes thereto or discloses dishonouring matters in cases other than those described in the preceding Article.

Article (404) Anyone who, threatens another, by word or deed, or by any written or oral allusion, either personally or through an intermediary, in cases other than those described in the two preceding two Articles, shall be punished with incarceration for a period not exceeding one year or a fine not exceeding (10,000) ten thousand AED.

Article (405) Without prejudice to any severe penalty, a penalty of incarceration and/or a fine shall be imposed on whoever is caught in circumstances that pose a threat to public security or the safety of persons or funds while carrying an injuring, cutting, piercing,, crushing, bruising or stinging machine or tool, unless it is due to his professional activity or due to a legitimate reason. Chapter Five Crimes Against Honor Part One Rape, Disgracing and Intercourse With Consent

Article (408) If any of the crimes stipulated in Articles (406) and (407) results in the death of the victim, the penalty shall be death.

Article (412) A penalty of incarceration for a period not exceeding one year and/or by a fine not exceeding (10,000) ten thousand AED shall be imposed on any man who: 1. Approaches a female in a public road or frequently visited place in an indecent manner with words or acts. 2. Disguises himself as a woman to enter a women-only space or a place only accessed by women at the time. If the perpetrator commits a crime in this case, this shall be considered as an aggravating circumstance.

Article (414) A penalty of imprisonment for a period not exceeding six months and/or a fine not exceeding (100,000) one hundred thousand AED shall be imposed on whoever is found on a public road or frequently visited place instigating the passers-by, by words or gestures, to debauchery.

Article (415) A penalty of incarceration for a period not exceeding one month and/or a fine not exceeding (100,000) one hundred thousand AED shall be imposed on whoever publicly makes an appeal, utters a song, shouts out or makes a statement that is immoral, and whoever publicly prompts others by any means whatsoever to debauchery.

Article (416) A penalty of incarceration for a period not exceeding one month and/or a fine not exceeding (100,000) one hundred thousand AED shall be imposed on whoever manufactures, imports, exports, acquires, possesses or transports, with the intention of exploitation, distribution or offering to others, writings, drawings, pictures, movies, symbols or other indecent materials. The same penalty shall be imposed on whoever advertises any of the aforementioned

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Article (417) Any person who incites a male or female, or entices or seduces them by any means, to commit debauchery or prostitution, or who assists in such acts, shall be punished by imprisonment for a period of not less than two (2) years and a fine. The penalty shall be imprisonment and a fine if the victim has not attained eighteen (18) years of age.

Article (418) A penalty of temporary imprisonment for a period not exceeding (10) ten years shall be imposed on anyone who, by ways of coercion, trick or threat, instigates any male or female to commit debauchery or prostitution. The penalty shall be temporary imprisonment for a period not less than (10) ten years if the victim is under (18) eighteen years of age. Furthermore, the aforementioned penalties shall be imposed, as the case may be, on anyone who, by ways of coercion, trick or threat, retains any person against his will, in a place with the intention to compel him to commit one or several acts of debauchery or prostitution.

Article (419) A penalty of temporary imprisonment and a fine not less than (100,000) one hundred thousand AED shall be imposed on whoever establishes or runs a house for debauchery or prostitution, or who facilitates such practices, or assists by any means in establishing or running such a house. In all cases, a judgment shall be issued ordering the closure of the place and it shall not be allowed to reopen unless it is designated to deal in lawful business, and after approval of the Public Prosecution.

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Article (420) A penalty of temporary imprisonment for a period not exceeding (5) five years shall be imposed on anyone who, through any means, takes advantage of the prostitution or debauchery of another person.

Article (421) If the perpetrator, with respect to the crimes stipulated in Articles (417), (418) and 420), the perpetrator is an ascendant or a non-marriageable relative of the victim, any of those who raise or observe him or those who have authority over him, or who works for him or to any of the aforementioned persons, this shall be considered an aggravating circumstance.

Article (422) Any habitual prostitute or debauchee shall be punished with temporary imprisonment.

Article (423) If any individual is convicted of any of the crimes stipulated in this Part and sentenced to a freedom-restricting penalty for a period of one year or more, he shall be put under probation for a period equivalent to that of the imposed penalty.

Article (424) The perpetrator shall, under the provisions stipulated in this Chapter, be assumed to know the victim's age. Chapter Six Defamatory Crimes Libel, Slander and Violation of Secrets

Article (428) There is no crime if the perpetrator proves the incident which attributed to the victim, whenever such attribution is against a public servant or a person entrusted with a public service and whenever said incident is connected with the job or service. In such a case, slander may also be proved if it is committed by the perpetrator personally and is connected with the incident of libel. However, proof may not be provided if more than (5) five years have elapsed since the occurrence of the incident, if the crime has expired for any cause of expiration or if the judgment issued on it has been forfeited.

Article (429) There is no crime in any libel or slander included in oral or written defence of the litigants, within the limits of the right of defence, before courts or investigating authorities.

Article (430) There is no crime if an individual informs in good faith the judicial or administrative authorities of an act rendering its perpetrator legally liable.

Article (433) A penalty of a fine not less than (3,000) three thousand AED shall be imposed on anyone who opens a letter or telegram, without the consent of the addressee, or who eavesdrops a telephone conversation. The perpetrator shall be punished with incarceration for a period not less than (3) three months or with a fine not less than (5,000) five thousand AED if he discloses the letter, telegram or telephone conversation to any person other than the addressee without his permission, whenever such disclosure would cause harm to third parties.

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Article (434) A penalty of incarceration shall be imposed on whoever unrightfully copies, distributes to or provides another person with the content of a phone call, or a letter or information or data or any other such things to which he has access by virtue of his profession. Section Eight Crimes Against Property Chapter One Theft

Article (435) Theft occurs by embezzlement of movable property owned by a person other than the perpetrator and shall be subject to the provisions of the following Articles.

Article (436) A penalty of life imprisonment anyone who commits theft in which the following circumstances are fulfilled: 1. If the act is committed at night. 2. If the act is committed by two or more persons. 3. If one of the perpetrators is carrying weapons. 4. If the act is committed in an inhabited place, in a place designated for habitation or in any building annexed thereto, if entering such place has to be realized through scaling, breaking in, use of duplicate keys, assumption of a public or false entity, pretension to perform or to be entrusted with a public service, or by using any other unlawful means. 5. If the act is committed with the use of coercion or threat to use weapons.

Article (437) A penalty of life or temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on anyone who commits theft in a public road or in any of the land, sea or air means of transportation, in any of the following cases:

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 133 1. If the act is committed by two or more persons, among whom one is carrying weapons. 2. If the act is committed forcibly by two or more persons. 3. If the act is committed at night by one person carrying weapons. 4. If the act is committed by one person carrying weapons by way of coercion or threat to use weapons.

Article (438) A penalty of temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on anyone who commits a theft by way of coercion or threat to use weapons, whether his intent is to acquire the stolen property, to convert it to his own use or to carry it away.

Article (439) A penalty of temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on anyone who commits a theft if the crime is committed at a night by two or more persons among whom one is carrying weapons. The same penalty shall be imposed for the theft committed at night in an inhabited place by one single person carrying weapons.

Article (440) A penalty of temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on anyone who commits a crime of theft against the weapons or ammunition of the Armed Forces or the police. The penalty shall be life imprisonment if any of the circumstances stipulated forth in Article (437) of this Law is fulfilled. The penalty shall be detention for a period not less than one year, but not exceeding (5) five years if the theft is committed against supplies or tools used or prepared for use in telecommunications or other services constructed by the Government or licensed to be constructed for public benefit.

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Article (441) A penalty of incarceration for a period not less than (2) two years and not exceeding (7) seven years shall be imposed if the theft is committed larceny in either of the two following cases: 1. At night. 2. If the perpetrator carries weapons. The penalty shall be temporary imprisonment for a period not less than (5) five years and not exceeding (7) seven years if the theft is committed by any of the workers at his working place or with the intent to harm his employer.

Article (443) A penalty of incarceration for a period not less than (6) six months or a fine shall be imposed on anyone who commits a crime of theft in which none of the circumstances stipulated in the preceding Articles of this Chapter is fulfilled.

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Article (444) A penalty of incarceration or a fine shall be imposed on anyone who embezzles, in any manner whatever, the telephone service, any telecommunication service or any other governmental service, or who unlawfully exploits, uses, transfers or empties any of such services or any current or the like from amongst the things which are used for the connection or transmission of such services.

Article (445) Attempt of the misdemeanour of theft shall be punishable by half the penalty prescribed for the consummated crime.

Article (446) When the Court rules incarceration for one year or more for theft or attempt of theft, it may, in case of recidivism, order probation for a period not exceeding (2) two years and not exceeding the period of the adjudged penalty.

Article (447) A penalty of incarceration for a period not exceeding one year and/or a fine not exceeding (10,000) ten thousand AED shall be imposed on anyone who uses a car, a motorcycle or any similar vehicle, without the authorization or consent of its owner or the person who is entitled to make use thereof.

Article (448) If the perpetrator uses the existence of riot, commotion, fire or any other disaster, as an opportunity in order to commit any of the crimes stipulated in the preceding Articles, this shall be considered an aggravating circumstance.

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Article (449) A penalty of temporary imprisonment shall be imposed on anyone who, by force or through threat, obtains a written instrument, a signature thereon, an amendment thereto, cancellation or destruction thereof.

Article (450) A penalty of incarceration and a fine shall be imposed on anyone who, through threat, compels another person to hand him over money or things other than those mentioned in the preceding Article. If the threat is to disclose or attributing disgracing or dishonouring matters to the victim, this shall be considered an aggravating circumstance. Attempt shall be punishable by half the penalty prescribed for the consummated crime. Chapter Two Fraud

Article (453) A penalty of incarceration or a fine shall be imposed on anyone who embezzles, uses or dissipates funds, written instruments or any other movables, in such a manner as to cause harm to persons entitled thereto, whenever such funds, instruments or movables have been handed to him by way of trust, lease, mortgage, loan for use or proxy. In the application of this provision, any partner in a joint property, any agent of necessity with respect to the property of the concerned party and any person to whom an object is handed to be used for a specific matter for the benefit of its owner or of another, shall be treated as a proxy.

Article (454) A penalty of incarceration for a period not exceeding (2) two years or a fine not exceeding (20,000) twenty thousand AED shall be imposed on anyone who knowingly takes possession, with intent of appropriation, of any lost property belonging to another or of a

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Article (455) The penalty prescribed in the preceding Article shall be imposed on anyone who embezzles or attempts to embezzle a moveable property which he has previously mortgaged to secure the settlement of a debt due from him or from another. The same penalty shall be imposed on any owner who is appointed custodian of his own movable property that is subject to judicial or administrative attachment, and who embezzles anything therefrom. Chapter Four Hiding Crime Proceeds

Article (457) The perpetrator, under the provisions of the preceding Article, shall be exempted from the penalty if he takes the initiative to inform the judicial or administrative authorities of the crime from which the proceeds have resulted and of the persons who committed such crime before it is discovered.

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Federal Law by Decree of 2021 Promulgating the Crimes and Penalties Law 139 If he informs the authorities after the crime is discovered, the court may exempt him from the penalty if such informing has resulted in the arrest of perpetrators. Chapter Five Usury

Article (459) A penalty of temporary imprisonment for a period not exceeding (5) five years and a fine not less than (100,000) one hundred thousand AED shall be imposed on any natural person who acquires a habit of usury. Chapter Six Gambling

Article (460) Gambling is a game whereby each of the parties thereto agrees - in case of losing - to pay to the winner a certain sum of money or any other thing agreed upon.

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Article (461) Whoever gambles shall be punished with incarceration for a period not exceeding (2) two years or a fine not exceeding (50,000) fifty thousand AED. The penalty shall be incarceration or a fine if the crime is committed in a public place or a place opened to the public or business premises or a house prepared and equipped for gambling.

Article (462) A penalty of temporary imprisonment for a period not exceeding (10) ten years and a fine not less than (100,000) one hundred thousand AED shall be imposed on anyone who opens or runs a place for gambling and prepares such a place for admission of people, and anyone who organizes any game of gambling in a public place or a place opened for the public or in any place or house prepared for such purpose.

Article (463) In all cases, any money or tools which may have been used in gambling shall be seized and confiscated. The court shall also order the closure of the premises or place designated for gambling, and it may not be authorized to reopen unless it is designated for a lawful purpose and after the approval of the Public Prosecution. Chapter Seven Damage to Property and Crimes Against Animals

Article (466) A penalty of incarceration and/or fine shall be imposed on: 1. Anyone who deliberately and without justification kills or seriously injures a riding or pulling animal, a beast of burden or cattle. 2. Anyone who destroys or poisons any fish existing in a water source place or basin. 3. Anyone who leaves a stray animal in conditions that poses a danger to people.

Article (466). Article (472) A fine not exceeding (5,000) five thousand AED shall be imposed on anyone who harasses, tortures or maltreats a domesticated or tamed animal, as well as anyone who abstains from caring for such animal when he is entrusted therewith or is duly bound to take care of it.

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Article (467) Attempt of any misdemeanour stipulated in the two preceding Articles shall be punishable by half the penalty prescribed for the consummated crime.

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Article (468) A penalty of incarceration for a period not exceeding one year or a fine not exceeding (50,000) fifty thousand AED shall be imposed on whoever damages, relocates or removes a perimeter or mark intended for measuring areas, or for land settlement or demarcation of boundaries that divide properties. The penalty shall be incarceration if the crime is committed with the intention of usurping any of the lands referred to.

Article (469) If any of the crimes stipulated in the preceding Articles of this Chapter is committed at night or with the use of violence against persons, or if the perpetrator carries weapons or takes advantage of the existence of riot, commotion or public disaster to commit the crime, this shall be considered an aggravating circumstance.

Article (470) When ruling incarceration for a period of one year or more against a recidivist in any of the crimes stipulated in the preceding Articles of this Chapter, the court may rule probation for a period not exceeding (2) two years and not exceeding the period of the imposed penalty.

Article (471) A penalty of incarceration for a period not exceeding one year or a fine not exceeding (10,000) ten thousand AED shall be imposed on anyone who, deliberately and without justification, kills or poisons any domesticated or tamed animal other than those stated in

Article (473) A fine not exceeding (3,000) three thousand AED shall be imposed on anyone who, by his fault, causes wounds or injuries to any animal or cattle belonging to another person, and if such fault causes the death of such animal, the penalty shall be a fine not exceeding (10,000) ten thousand AED. Chapter Eight Trespass on the Property of Others

Article (474) A penalty of incarceration for a period not exceeding one year or a fine not exceeding (10,000) ten thousand AED shall be imposed on anyone who enters an inhabited place, a place designated for habitation or any building annexed thereto, or a place designated to safeguard money or property, against the will of the concerned person, and in cases other than those stipulated in the law, as well as anyone who remains in such place against the will of the person entitled to drive him out, or if he conceals himself out of sight of the person who has such a right. The court shall p order the eviction of the convict from the crime scene. Chapter Nine Beggary

Article (476) A penalty of incarceration for a period not less than (6) six months and a fine not less than (100,000) one hundred thousand AED shall be imposed on anyone who manages the crime of organized beggary that is committed by an organized group of two or more people. The same penalty shall be imposed on whoever recruits persons to the State to use them in the crime of organized beggary.

Article (477) A penalty of incarceration for a period not less than (3) three months and/or a fine not less than (5,000) five thousand AED shall be imposed on anyone who participates in the crime of organized beggary. It shall be considered an aggravating circumstance if the perpetrator of the crime of organized beggary is a tutor, guardian or carer of the beggar or has direct authority over him.

Article (478) When issuing a judgment of conviction, the court may order the confiscation of the seized objects and funds that have been used or would have been used in the crime or have been the subject of the beggary crime or gained therefrom; and if any such objects or funds cannot be seized, the court shall impose a fine equivalent to their value, all without prejudice to the rights of bona fide third parties. The court shall order the deportation of the foreigner.

Article (479) The Public Prosecution may refer the accused in the crime of beggary to the competent entities instead of filing the criminal lawsuit, in order to provide him with social care or qualify him to work if he is a citizen of the State and it is established that he is compelled, or unable to earn money and has no other source of livelihood. Federal Law by Decree promulgating the Penal Code

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