Labour Court
محكمة العمل
The Labour Court is the specialised judicial chamber that hears employment disputes in the UAE, organised within each emirate's Court of First Instance. Jurisdiction covers unpaid wages, unpaid end-of-service benefits, unfair termination, overtime, leave entitlements, and recovery of documents such as passports or certificates. Workers must first file their claim with MOHRE, which attempts a mandatory settlement. If the dispute is not resolved within the statutory period (typically 14 days), MOHRE refers the case to the Labour Court with a reasoned memorandum. Claims for amounts below a threshold benefit from expedited procedures and can be decided without an oral hearing. Workers and employers both have rights of appeal. Employee claims are generally exempt from court fees up to a ceiling.
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محكمة العمل هي الدائرة القضائية المتخصصة التي تنظر في نزاعات العمل بالدولة، وتتبع محاكم الدرجة الأولى في كل إمارة. يشمل اختصاصها الأجور غير المدفوعة، ومكافأة نهاية الخدمة، والفصل التعسفي، والعمل الإضافي، واستحقاقات الإجازات، واستعادة الوثائق مثل جوازات السفر والشهادات. يجب على العامل تقديم شكواه أولاً إلى وزارة الموارد البشرية والتوطين التي تسعى إلى تسوية إلزامية. وإذا لم يُحسم النزاع خلال المدة المقررة (عادةً 14 يوماً) تحيله الوزارة إلى المحكمة بمذكرة مسبّبة. وتستفيد الدعاوى التي تقل قيمتها عن حد معيّن من إجراءات مستعجلة وقد تُفصل دون جلسة مرافعة. ولكلّ من العامل وصاحب العمل حق الطعن. وتُعفى دعاوى العمال من الرسوم في حدود معيّنة.
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