Can I file a labour complaint for arbitrary or unfair dismissal in the UAE?

Yes. The UAE Labour Law recognises the concept of arbitrary (unfair) dismissal, and an employee who believes they were terminated without a valid lawful reason can pursue a claim. The process is the same as other labour disputes: file a complaint with MOHRE, set out why you consider the dismissal unjustified, and provide your contract, termination letter, and any evidence about the circumstances. MOHRE attempts an amicable settlement; if it fails, the case is referred to the labour court, which assesses whether the termination was arbitrary and, where it agrees, can award compensation in addition to your other end-of-service entitlements such as notice and gratuity. The amount of any compensation is determined by the court within the limits set by law, based on factors like your salary and service, so avoid relying on a fixed figure. Keep records of how and why you were dismissed, including communications. Because arbitrary-dismissal claims involve legal assessment of the employer's reasons, advice can make a real difference. You can compare verified UAE legal professionals on LEXAI, and confirm the current rules through MOHRE.