قانون البحري / الشحن في الإماراتقانون اتحادي في شأن تعيين المناطق البحرية لدولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة

Article (1) Definitions In the implementation of the provisions hereof, the following terms and phrases shall have the meanings assigned for each of them unless the context requires otherwise: State : The United Arab Emirates State. Baseline : The line from which the measurement of the territorial sea begins. Island : A natural formation of land surrounded from all sides by water provided that it is not submerged by water in the event of high tides. Archipelago : A group of two or more Islands constituting along with the water between or linking them a coherent unit from both geographical and economic sides. Low Tide Cusp : A natural formation of land surrounded from all sides by water, and which cusp emerges from water in the event of low tides yet is

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Federal Law No. 19 of 1993 for defining the maritime areas of the United Arab Emirates. 2 submerged by water in the event of high tides. Gulf : A sharp indentation which extension into the land is of adequate depth with the width of its opening. The indentation engulfs water and is larger than the mere limited shoreline cove. Coast : The Arabian Gulf Coast and the Gulf of Oman Coast. Nautical Mile One thousand eight hundred and fifty two meters. Chapter One: The Internal Water

Article (5) 1 - The foreign commercial vessels shall sail in the territorial sea of the State within the scope of the right of innocent passage in accordance with the provisions of the said right accepted in the International Law. 2 - The entry and passage of foreign warships, including submarines and other underwater vessels through the territorial sea shall be subject to a prior authorization from the pertinent authorities in the State. 3 - The submarines and other underwater vessels must sail on the surface and hoist their flag during their passage through the territorial sea of the State. 4 - The foreign ships operating on or carrying nuclear power or any other radioactive hazardous or harmful substances or products shall notify the pertinent authorities of the State in advance of their entry and passage through the territorial sea.

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Federal Law No. 19 of 1993 for defining the maritime areas of the United Arab Emirates. 4

Article (6) The territorial sea of the State shall be measured in accordance with the following provisions: 1 - From the extreme edge of water recession from the main Coast or the beach, exposed to the sea. As for the locations where the Coastline is sharply intermittent or contorted , the system of straight lines connecting appropriate points determined by pertinent authorities in the State shall be applied . 2 - Straight lines which are no longer than 24 Nautical Miles that connect two water recession points at the entries of the Gulfs. Should the width of the Gulf opening exceed such distance , the straight line is drawn through the Gulf between any two water recession points on both sides of the Gulf that are the closest to its entrances at a distance of 24 Nautical Miles . 3 - With regards to an Archipelago, it must be measured through straight lines connecting the farthest external points to the farthest Islands within the Archipelago. 4 - As for the port or harbour, it is measured by lines drawn near the edge facing the sea, from the most protruding establishments of the harbour or port, and lines drawn between the edges of such establishments provided that such establishments are an integral part of the port or harbour's system. 5 - Should the Low Tide Cusp be entirely or partly far by a maximum distance equivalent to the width of the territorial sea from the main land or one of the Islands, such cusp may be used as a baseline from which the width of the territorial sea is measured.

Article (18)

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Federal Law No. 19 of 1993 for defining the maritime areas of the United Arab Emirates. 8 The State shall exercise sovereignty rights over its continental shelf in view of exploring and exploiting the natural resources that it contains. Such right shall be deemed exclusive rights to the State, unexercised by others unless with an explicit authorization there from, and such rights shall not depend on an actual or mandatory invasion or any explicit declaration there from. The natural resources mentioned in the previous paragraph shall mean the mineral and other non - living resources in and under the seabed, in addition to living creatures and those considered eternal, i.e. the creatures that reached the maturity phase and are immoveable above or below the sea, or incapable of movement unless through continuous contact with the seabed or underneath it. Chapter Five: General Provisions

Article (20) 1 - The State shall have in the exclusive economic zone and the continental shelf the exclusive right to construct, operate and exploit: a - Artificial Islands. b - Establishments and installations used for scientific research, the preservation of the environment or other economic goals. c - Constructions and installations enabling the State to exercise its rights. 2 - The State shall have the exclusive authority on such artificial Islands, constructions and

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Federal Law No. 19 of 1993 for defining the maritime areas of the United Arab Emirates. 9 installations, including the authority related to customs, taxes and health laws and regulations as well as the safety and immigration laws and regulations.

Article (21) The State may, whenever necessary, establish around the artificial Islands, constructions and installations safety zones in which it takes necessary precautions to ensure the safety of such artificial Islands, constructions and installations. The State shall determine the width of the safety zones, taking into account the internationally adopted criteria, and the safety zones shall be established in a way that guarantees a reasonable connection between such zones, the nature, and the function of either artificial Islands, constructions or installations. The area around them shall not exceed 500 meters measured from every point at their outer edge, unless the surpass is acceptable in accordance with the international criteria.

Article (22) The pertinent authorities in the State shall issue regulations regarding the following matters: 1 - The organization of the building , installation or use of structures , installations or artificial Islands in or above the continental shelf or the exclusive economic zone in view of exploring or exploiting its natural resources . It must be taken into account not to establish such structures or installations that might prohibit from reaching the land or hinder the international navigation. 2 - The establishment of safety zones mentioned in Article 21 herein. 3 - The instructions to be abided by in order to protect the structures and installations. 4 - The organization or prohibition of entry of vessels into safety zones. 5 - Instructions list to be abided by in order to protect the living and non - living

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Federal Law No. 19 of 1993 for defining the maritime areas of the United Arab Emirates. 10 resources of the economic zone and the continental shelf. 6 - The environmental affairs, scientific research and technology transfer. 7 - Any other similar matters.

Article (25) a - The implementation of the present Law shall not breach previously concluded contracts and privileges to explore and exploit living and non - living resources in maritime areas , and the implementation of the provisions thereof shall not affect the constitutional and acquired rights of the Emirates to exploit living and non - living resources in its maritime areas , or the rights that it may acquire through agreements or contracts that are concluded among the Emirates regarding said areas . b - The implementation of the provisions hereof shall not breach the implementation of the

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Federal Law No. 19 of 1993 for defining the maritime areas of the United Arab Emirates. 11 previously concluded agreements among the Emirates before the promulgation thereof. The Emirates shall have the right to conclude agreements to organize the maritime boundaries among them.

Article (26) Subject to the provisions and rules of the International Law, and without prejudice to any more sever punishment provided for in another law or the breach of compensations: 1 - Whoever breaches the provisions of Article 5 herein shall be sentenced to imprisonment which period shall be three years at least and seven year at most , and to a fine of 100 , 000 Dirhams at least , and 2 , 000 , 000 Dirhams at most , or to any of the said penalties . 2 - Whoever breaches the provisions of Articles 13, 14, 18 and 20 herein shall be sentenced to imprisonment which period shall be three years at least and five years at most, and to a fine of 50,000 Dirhams at least and 1,000,000 Dirhams at most , or to either penalty. 3 - Whoever breaches the provisions of Articles 9 and 15 herein shall be sentenced to imprisonment which period shall be one year at least and three years at most, and to a fine of 25, 000 Dirhams and not in excess of 1,000,000 Dirhams, or to either penalty.